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非瓣膜性房颤老年患者达比加群的群体药动学研究
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          赵琴虹 ,屈昱晨,杨叶舟,沈 珠,陶 宏,朱 珠(苏州大学附属第二医院药学部,江苏 苏州 215004)
          中图分类号  R972;R969.1      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)14-1734-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.14.14


          摘   要  目的  分析影响非瓣膜性房颤老年患者达比加群暴露的因素。方法  收集2019年1月-2020年6月于我院就诊并确诊为
          非瓣膜性房颤的75例患者资料,每位患者采集1~2个稳态血药浓度样本。采用NONMEM 7.2.0软件建立患者的达比加群群体药
          动学模型,考察不同协变量对达比加群表观清除率的影响,并通过拟合优度及Bootstrap法对最终模型进行验证;采用NONMEM
          7.2.0软件分析不同疾病状态下普通老年患者及高龄老年患者服用达比加群酯后的药物暴露。结果  共采集到122个达比加群的
          血药浓度样本。高龄、肌酐清除率及慢性心力衰竭史是影响老年患者达比加群清除率的显著协变量。高龄老年患者暴露相比于
          普通老年患者增加约50%,合并慢性心力衰竭患者相比于未合并慢性心力衰竭患者暴露增加近30%,中、重度肾功能损伤患者相
          比于轻度肾功能损伤患者暴露分别增加约30%、80%。结论  高龄、肾功能损伤、慢性心力衰竭史是引起达比加群体内暴露增加的
          影响因素。
          关键词  达比加群;非瓣膜性房颤;群体药动学;老年患者

          Study on population pharmacokinetics of dabigatran in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
          ZHAO Qinhong,QU Yuchen,YANG Yezhou,SHEN Zhu,TAO Hong,ZHU Zhu(Dept. of Pharmacy, the Second
          Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215004, China)

          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  analyze  influential  factors  for  dabigatran  exposure  in  elderly  patients  with  non-valvular  atrial
          fibrillation.  METHODS  The  clinical  information  of  75  elderly  patients  diagnosed  with  non-valvular  atrial  fibrillation  was  collected
          from  our  hospital  in  Jan.  2019-Jun.  2020.  One  or  two  steady-state  blood  drug  concentration  samples  were  collected  from  each
          patient. NONMEM 7.2.0 software was used to establish a population pharmacokinetics model of dabigatran; the effects of different
          covariates  on  the  apparent  clearance  of  dabigatran  were  investigated,  and  the  final  model  was  verified  by  goodness  of  fit  and
          Bootstrap method; NONMEM 7.2.0 software was used to analyze the drug exposure of ordinary elderly patients and elderly patients
          after  taking  dabigatran  ester  in  different  disease  states.  RESULTS  Totally  122  blood  concentration  samples  of  dabigatran  were
          collected. Advanced  age,  creatinine  clearance  and  history  of  chronic  heart  failure  were  screened  out  as  three  significant  covariates
          that  influenced  the  clearance  of  dabigatran  in  elderly  patients.  The  exposure  of  population  with  advanced  age  increased  by  about
          50%  compared  with  the  general  elderly,  the  exposure  of  population  with  history  of  chronic  heart  failure  increased  by  nearly  30%
          compared  with  population  without,  and  the  exposure  of  population  with  moderate  and  severe  renal  injury  increased  by  about  30%
          and  80%  compared  with  mild.  CONCLUSIONS  Advanced  age,  renal  injury  and  history  of  chronic  heart  failure  are  influential
          factors for elevated systemic exposure of dabigatran.
          KEYWORDS     dabigatran; non-valvular atrial fibrillation; population pharmacokinetics; elderly patient



              随着社会的发展及医疗水平的进步,老龄化已逐渐                          kinetics,PPK)可通过分析临床稀疏数据来建立模型,并
          成为全球性的社会问题。据WHO报道,全球60岁以上                           基于模型结果,按个体协变量差异进行剂量调整,以实
          老年人口比例将从 2015 年的 12% 增加到 2050 年的                    现个体化精准治疗。因此,基于模型的精准给药研究可
              [1]
          22% 。由于老年人群特殊的生理及病理变化,使其面                           能是老年患者PPK研究的有效方法。
          临更多的用药问题,也使得传统的药动学研究方法在老                                达比加群酯是新一代口服抗凝药物直接凝血酶抑
          年人群中开展困难。群体药动学(population pharmaco‐                 制剂,临床上被广泛用于预防非瓣膜性房颤老年患者的
                                                              卒中和全身性栓塞。该药口服吸收后,在肠道及肝脏中
              Δ 基金项目 江苏省研究型医院学会-精益化用药-石药专项科研
          基 金(No. JY202009);江 苏 省 药 学 会 - 奥 赛 康 医 院 药 学 基 金(No.  可通过羧酸酯酶水解成活性产物达比加群,从而发挥药
          A201814);江苏省药学会-天晴医院药学基金(No.Q2019055)               效 。长期抗凝评价(an analysis of the randomized evalu‐
                                                                [2]
             *第一作者 药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学和个体化给药。电
                                                              ation of long-term anticoagulant therapy trial,RE-LY)临
          话:0512-67783646。E-mail:18260091898@163.com
                                                              床试验结果显示,相比于75岁以下患者,75岁以上高龄
              # 通信作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学和个体化给药。
          电话:0512-67783646。E-mail:wwdz_@126.com               老年患者服用相同剂量达比加群酯后的出血风险更

          · 1734 ·    China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 14                            中国药房  2023年第34卷第14期
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