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非瓣膜性房颤老年患者达比加群的群体药动学研究
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赵琴虹 ,屈昱晨,杨叶舟,沈 珠,陶 宏,朱 珠(苏州大学附属第二医院药学部,江苏 苏州 215004)
中图分类号 R972;R969.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)14-1734-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.14.14
摘 要 目的 分析影响非瓣膜性房颤老年患者达比加群暴露的因素。方法 收集2019年1月-2020年6月于我院就诊并确诊为
非瓣膜性房颤的75例患者资料,每位患者采集1~2个稳态血药浓度样本。采用NONMEM 7.2.0软件建立患者的达比加群群体药
动学模型,考察不同协变量对达比加群表观清除率的影响,并通过拟合优度及Bootstrap法对最终模型进行验证;采用NONMEM
7.2.0软件分析不同疾病状态下普通老年患者及高龄老年患者服用达比加群酯后的药物暴露。结果 共采集到122个达比加群的
血药浓度样本。高龄、肌酐清除率及慢性心力衰竭史是影响老年患者达比加群清除率的显著协变量。高龄老年患者暴露相比于
普通老年患者增加约50%,合并慢性心力衰竭患者相比于未合并慢性心力衰竭患者暴露增加近30%,中、重度肾功能损伤患者相
比于轻度肾功能损伤患者暴露分别增加约30%、80%。结论 高龄、肾功能损伤、慢性心力衰竭史是引起达比加群体内暴露增加的
影响因素。
关键词 达比加群;非瓣膜性房颤;群体药动学;老年患者
Study on population pharmacokinetics of dabigatran in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
ZHAO Qinhong,QU Yuchen,YANG Yezhou,SHEN Zhu,TAO Hong,ZHU Zhu(Dept. of Pharmacy, the Second
Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215004, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze influential factors for dabigatran exposure in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial
fibrillation. METHODS The clinical information of 75 elderly patients diagnosed with non-valvular atrial fibrillation was collected
from our hospital in Jan. 2019-Jun. 2020. One or two steady-state blood drug concentration samples were collected from each
patient. NONMEM 7.2.0 software was used to establish a population pharmacokinetics model of dabigatran; the effects of different
covariates on the apparent clearance of dabigatran were investigated, and the final model was verified by goodness of fit and
Bootstrap method; NONMEM 7.2.0 software was used to analyze the drug exposure of ordinary elderly patients and elderly patients
after taking dabigatran ester in different disease states. RESULTS Totally 122 blood concentration samples of dabigatran were
collected. Advanced age, creatinine clearance and history of chronic heart failure were screened out as three significant covariates
that influenced the clearance of dabigatran in elderly patients. The exposure of population with advanced age increased by about
50% compared with the general elderly, the exposure of population with history of chronic heart failure increased by nearly 30%
compared with population without, and the exposure of population with moderate and severe renal injury increased by about 30%
and 80% compared with mild. CONCLUSIONS Advanced age, renal injury and history of chronic heart failure are influential
factors for elevated systemic exposure of dabigatran.
KEYWORDS dabigatran; non-valvular atrial fibrillation; population pharmacokinetics; elderly patient
随着社会的发展及医疗水平的进步,老龄化已逐渐 kinetics,PPK)可通过分析临床稀疏数据来建立模型,并
成为全球性的社会问题。据WHO报道,全球60岁以上 基于模型结果,按个体协变量差异进行剂量调整,以实
老年人口比例将从 2015 年的 12% 增加到 2050 年的 现个体化精准治疗。因此,基于模型的精准给药研究可
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22% 。由于老年人群特殊的生理及病理变化,使其面 能是老年患者PPK研究的有效方法。
临更多的用药问题,也使得传统的药动学研究方法在老 达比加群酯是新一代口服抗凝药物直接凝血酶抑
年人群中开展困难。群体药动学(population pharmaco‐ 制剂,临床上被广泛用于预防非瓣膜性房颤老年患者的
卒中和全身性栓塞。该药口服吸收后,在肠道及肝脏中
Δ 基金项目 江苏省研究型医院学会-精益化用药-石药专项科研
基 金(No. JY202009);江 苏 省 药 学 会 - 奥 赛 康 医 院 药 学 基 金(No. 可通过羧酸酯酶水解成活性产物达比加群,从而发挥药
A201814);江苏省药学会-天晴医院药学基金(No.Q2019055) 效 。长期抗凝评价(an analysis of the randomized evalu‐
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*第一作者 药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学和个体化给药。电
ation of long-term anticoagulant therapy trial,RE-LY)临
话:0512-67783646。E-mail:18260091898@163.com
床试验结果显示,相比于75岁以下患者,75岁以上高龄
# 通信作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学和个体化给药。
电话:0512-67783646。E-mail:wwdz_@126.com 老年患者服用相同剂量达比加群酯后的出血风险更
· 1734 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 14 中国药房 2023年第34卷第14期