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肿瘤患者术前术中使用氨甲环酸止血有效性和安全性的Meta分

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          齐会红 ,褚智君,付连浩,缴万里(唐山市工人医院药学部,河北 唐山 063000)
          中图分类号  R973+.1      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)14-1755-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.14.18

          摘  要  目的  系统评价肿瘤患者术前术中使用氨甲环酸(TXA)止血的有效性和安全性,为临床用药提供循证依据。方法  计算
          机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、维普网和万方数据,检索氨甲环酸(试验组)对比0.9%氯化钠注射液、乳
          酸钠林格氏液、复方电解质溶液或安慰剂(对照组)用于肿瘤患者手术的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均为建库起至2022年6月
          9日。筛选文献、提取数据,采用Cochrane系统评价员手册5.1.0推荐的偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文献进行质量评价后,采用Rev‐
          Man 5.3 软件进行 Meta 分析或描述性分析,并进行敏感性分析和发表偏倚分析。结果  共纳入 22 项 RCT,合计 2 032 例患者。
          Meta 分析结果显示,试验组患者的输血率[RR=0.59,95%CI(0.50,0.69),P<0.000 01],红细胞悬液输注量[MD=-0.53,
          95%CI(-0.92, -0.14),P=0.007]均显著低于对照组;两组患者的血栓事件发生率[RR=0.44,95%CI(0.16,1.17),P=0.10]、术后
          病死率[RR=1.27,95%CI(0.32,5.08),P=0.73]比较,差异均无统计学意义。描述性分析结果显示,两组患者的总失血量和术后引
          流量结果存在争议。敏感性分析结果显示,本研究所得结果稳健。发表偏倚分析结果显示,本研究存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。
          结论  TXA可显著降低肿瘤手术患者输血率,减少红细胞悬液输注量,且未增加血栓事件发生率和术后病死率。
          关键词  氨甲环酸;肿瘤患者;有效性;安全性;血栓事件

          Meta-analysis  of  the  efficacy  and  safety  of  tranexamic  acid  for  hemostasis  in  cancer  patients  before  and
          during surgery
          QI Huihong,CHU Zhijun,FU Lianhao,JIAO Wanli(Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Tangshan  Gongren  Hospital,  Hebei
          Tangshan 063000, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  systematically  review  the  efficacy  and  safety  of  tranexamic  acid (TXA)  for  hemostasis  in  cancer
          patients  before  and  during  surgery,  and  to  provide  evidence-based  reference  for  clinical  drug  use.  METHODS  Retrieved  from
          PubMed,  Embase,  the  Cochrane  Library,  CNKI,  VIP  and  Wanfang  databases,  randomized  controlled  trials (RCTs)  about
          tranexamic acid (trial group) versus 0.9% Sodium chloride injection, Lactated Ringer’s solution, Compound electrolyte solution or
          placebo (control  group)  for  cancer  surgery  were  electronically  searched  from  the  inception  to  June  9,  2022.  After  literature
          screening and data extraction, the quality of included RCTs were evaluated by bias risk assessment tool recommended by Cochrane
          system  evaluator  manual  5.1.0.  RevMan  5.3  software  was  used  for  meta-analysis  or  descriptive  analysis,  sensitivity  analysis  and
          publication bias analysis. RESULTS A total of 2 032 patients in 22 RCTs were included for meta-analysis. Results of meta-analysis
          showed  that  the  blood  transfusion  rate  [RR=0.59,  95%CI (0.50,  0.69),  P<0.000  01]  and  the  volume  of  erythrocyte  suspension
          infusion [MD=-0.53, 95%CI (-0.92, -0.14), P=0.007] in trial group were significantly lower than control group; there was
          no  statistical  significance  in  the  incidence  of  thromboembolic  events  [RR=0.44,  95%CI (0.16,  1.17),  P=0.10]  or  post-operative
          mortality [RR=1.27, 95%CI(0.32,5.08), P=0.73] between two groups. Results of descriptive analysis showed that the total blood
          loss  and  postoperative  drainage  volume  were  still  controversial  between  two  groups. The  results  of  sensitivity  analysis  showed  that
          the results were basically stable. The results of publication bias analysis showed that there was little possibility of publication bias in
          this  study.  CONCLUSIONS  TXA  can  significantly  decrease  the  blood  transfusion,  reduce  the  volume  of  erythrocyte  suspension
          infusion, whereas does not increase the incidence of thromboembolic events and post-operative mortality in cancer surgery.
          KEYWORDS    tranexamic acid; cancer patients; efficacy; safety; thromboembolic events


                                                                 肿瘤患者常因疾病本身特有情况而需要接受手术
             Δ  基金项目 河 北 省 药 学 会 医 院 药 学 科 研 项 目(No. 2022-
          Hbsyxhms-11)                                       治疗,加之肿瘤患者常伴有贫血,这可能会增加围术期
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。电话:0315-                        [1]
                                                             输血需求 。同种异体输血不仅会增加血液疾病传播的
          3722354。E-mail:qihuihong0811@163.com
                                                             风险,还会引起输血相关免疫反应、炎症反应,从而增加
             # 通信作者 主任药师,硕士。研究方向:医院药学、药事管理。电
          话:0315-3722839。E-mail:jiaowanlihbts@163.com        恶性肿瘤患者的复发率和病死率               [2―3] 。有研究发现,肿


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第14期                                              China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 14    · 1755 ·
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