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大蓟提取物改善高胆固醇血症模型小鼠的代谢组学研究
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高梦梦 ,陈桢琳 ,郝雅坤 ,郭 姣 (1.广东药科大学中医药研究院/广东省代谢病中西医结合研究中心/糖脂
代谢病教育部重点实验室/广东省代谢性疾病中医药防治重点实验室,广州 510006;2.广东药科大学中药学
院,广州 510006)
中图分类号 R285.5 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)13-1590-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.13.09
摘 要 目的 基于代谢组学技术探究大蓟提取物改善高胆固醇血症的作用机制。方法 以大孔树脂吸附法制备大蓟提取物,并
利用液相色谱-质谱联用仪鉴定其主要成分。实验小鼠先随机分为对照组(n=6)和造模组(n=16),造模组小鼠采用饮食诱导建
立高胆固醇血症模型,造模成功后,再将造模组小鼠分为模型组(n=8)及大蓟提取物组(n=8)。大蓟提取物组小鼠灌胃大蓟提取
物 400 mg/(kg·d)(以提取物计),其余 2 组小鼠灌胃等体积 0.3% 羧甲基纤维素钠溶液,持续 6 周。给药结束后,以血清总胆固醇
(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)水平和肝脏组织病理变化评价大蓟提取物的干预效果,并通过代谢组学方法探讨大蓟提取物改善高胆固醇
血症模型小鼠的相关机制。结果 从大蓟提取物中共鉴定出绿原酸、蒙花苷、柳穿鱼叶苷等12种成分。给药6周后,与对照组比
较,模型组小鼠血清中TC水平显著升高、TG水平显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏组织出现大量脂滴,肝细胞排列紊乱,肝索结构被破
坏。与模型组比较,大蓟提取物组小鼠血清中TC水平显著下降(P<0.05);肝脏组织中的脂滴明显减少,肝细胞以中央静脉为中
心呈放射状紧密排列,肝索排列整齐。代谢组学研究显示,大蓟提取物干预后,乙醇胺、富马酸、胆固醇等代谢产物水平发生显著
回调;最终得到丙氨酸-天冬氨酸-谷氨酸代谢、精氨酸生物合成、柠檬酸循环3条代谢通路。结论 大蓟提取物的成分主要是酚酸
类和黄酮类,如绿原酸、蒙花苷、柳穿鱼叶苷等;大蓟提取物可能通过调节差异代谢物的含量及分布,以及调节丙氨酸-天冬氨酸-
谷氨酸代谢、精氨酸生物合成、柠檬酸循环3条主要的差异代谢通路,参与氧化还原反应、改善肝脏脂质蓄积、发挥抗炎作用,从而
改善高胆固醇血症。
关键词 大蓟提取物;代谢组学;高胆固醇血症;代谢通路
Metabolomics study on improvement effects of Cirsium japonicum extract on hypercholesterolemia model
mice
GAO Mengmeng ,CHEN Zhenlin ,HAO Yakun ,GUO Jiao (1. Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/
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Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine/Key Laboratory of
Glucolipid Metabolism Disease/Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of
Metabolic Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
2. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006,
China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Cirsium japonicum extract in improving hypercholesterolemia based on
metabolomics technology. METHODS The extract of C. japonicum was prepared by macroporous resin adsorption, and its main
components were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The experimental mice were randomly divided
into control group (n=6) and modeling group (n=16). The hypercholesterolemia model was induced by diet in modeling group;
after modeling, the rats of modeling group were divided into model group (n=8) and C. japonicum extract group (n=8). C.
japonicum extract group was given C. japonicum extract 400 mg/(kg·d) by gavage (calculated by extract), and other 2 groups
were given constant volume of 0.3% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, for 6 weeks. After medication, the intervention
effect of C. japonicum extract was evaluated by the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and the
histopathological changes of liver. The mechanism of C. japonicum extract in improving hypercholesterolemia model mice was
investigated by metabolomics. RESULTS It was identified that
Δ 基金项目 广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(No.2019B- C. japonicum extract contained 12 components, such as
030302005) chlorogenic acid, linarin and pectolinarin. After 6 weeks of
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中药药效评价与应用。
intervention, compared with control group, serum level of TC
E-mail:17754074273@163.com
# 通信作者 教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中西医结合防治 was increased significantly while the level of TG was
糖脂代谢病。E-mail:gyguoyz@163.com decreased significantly in model group (P<0.05), while a
· 1590 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 13 中国药房 2023年第34卷第13期