Page 88 - 《中国药房》2023年11期

北沙参茎叶和根中挥发油的提取与抗真菌活性研究
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1， 2
4
2， 5
杨震旻 1， 2， 3＊ ，李 冰 ，毛福英 ，郑玉光 ，赵云生 1， 2， 3 # （1.河北中医学院药学院，石家庄 050200；2.河北中医
学院河北省中药炮制技术创新中心，石家庄 050091；3.河北省中药资源利用与质量评价国际联合研究中心，
石家庄 050091；4. 河北中医学院实验中心，石家庄 050200；5. 河北化工医药职业技术学院，石家庄
050026）

中图分类号 R284；R965 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2023）11-1358-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.11.14

摘 要 目的 探究北沙参茎叶和根中挥发油的提取工艺，解析北沙参茎叶和根中挥发油所含化学成分，并初步评价其体外抗真
菌活性。方法 以水蒸气蒸馏法为基础，通过单因素与正交实验优化北沙参茎叶和根中挥发油提取方法，利用气相色谱-质谱联用
（GC-MS）技术鉴定北沙参茎叶和根中挥发油所含化学成分并计算其相对百分含量。采用纸片扩散法测定北沙参茎叶和根中挥
发油对茄病镰刀菌、半裸镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、寄生曲霉和黄曲霉的抗真菌活性。结果 北沙参最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶15，蒸馏
时间5 h，KCl浓度15%。从北沙参茎叶挥发油中鉴定出11种成分，根挥发油中共鉴定出8种成分。人参炔醇为北沙参茎叶挥发
油和根挥发油的共有成分，其在茎叶中的含量为38.21%，根中的含量为74.02%。北沙参茎叶挥发油和根挥发油对茄病镰刀菌、半
裸镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、寄生曲霉和黄曲霉均有一定的抑制作用，以茎叶挥发油较强。结论 北沙参茎叶挥发油和根挥发油的化学
成分差异明显，但二者均具有一定的体外抗真菌活性。
关键词 北沙参；茎；叶；根；挥发油；真菌；抗真菌活性；化学成分

Study on the extraction and antifungal activity of volatile oil from stems， leaves and roots of Glehnia
littoralis
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YANG Zhenmin 1， 2， 3 ，LI Bing ，MAO Fuying ，ZHENG Yuguang ，ZHAO Yunsheng 1， 2， 3 （1. School of
1， 2
Pharmacy， Hebei University of Chinese Medicine， Shijiazhuang 050200， China；2. Hebei Traditional Chinese
Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center， Hebei University of Chinese Medicine， Shijiazhuang
050091， China；3. International Joint Research Center for the Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional
Chinese Medicine Resources in Hebei Province， Shijiazhuang 050091， China；4. Experimental Center， Hebei
University of Chinese Medicine， Shijiazhuang 050200， China；5. Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College，
Shijiazhuang 050026， China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To explore the extraction process of volatile oil from the stems， leaves and roots of Glehnia
littoralis， analyze the chemical components of the volatile oil from the stems， leaves and roots of G. littoralis， and preliminarily
evaluate its in vitro antifungal activity. METHODS Based on the steam distillation method， single factor test and orthogonal
experiment were conducted to optimize the extraction method of volatile oil from the stems， leaves and roots of G. littoralis. The
chemical components of the volatile oil from the stems， leaves and roots of G. littoralis were identified by using gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS) technology and their relative contents were calculated. The antifungal activity of
volatile oils from the stems， leaves and roots of G. littoralis against Fusarium solani， Fusarium incarnatum， Fusarium oxysporum，
Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus was determined by paper diffusion method. RESULTS The optimal extraction process
of G. littoralis was solid-liquid ratio of 1∶15， distillation time of 5 hours， and KCl concentration of 15%. Eleven components were
identified from the volatile oil of the stems and leaves of G. littoralis， and a total of eight components were identified from the
volatile oil of the roots. Ginsenethinol was a common
Δ 基金项目 河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目（No.2023121）； component in the volatile oil from the stems， leaves and roots
河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（No.HBCT2018060205）
of G. littoralis， its contents in the stems and leaves， roots
＊第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向：中药炮制与资源。E-mail：
yangzhenmin89@126.com were 38.21% and 74.02%， respectively. The volatile oil from
# 通信作者 教授，博士生导师，博士。研究方向：中药资源。 the stems， leaves and roots of G. littoralis had a certain
E-mail：zwhjzs@126.com inhibitory effect on F. solani， F. incarnatum， F. oxysporum， A.

· 1358 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 11 中国药房 2023年第34卷第11期