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胞凋亡率和 TNF-α、IL-6、MDA 含量均显著升高,SOD                         tor 1-α(HIF-1α)induces apoptosis of human uterosacral
          活性显著降低,揭示本研究 MIRI 大鼠模型建立成功。                              ligament fibroblasts through the death receptor and mito‐
          与模型组比较,阳性对照组和 AST 低、高剂量组大鼠血                              chondrial  pathways[J].  Med  Sci  Monit,2018,24:8722-
          清中cTnI、CK-MB含量均显著降低,心肌组织中细胞变                             8733.
          多、无明显肿胀,心肌纤维排列整齐,心肌细胞凋亡率和                           [ 5 ]  PENG Y  H,FANG  Z Y,LIU  M,et  al.  Testosterone  in‐
                                                                   duces renal tubular epithelial cell death through the HIF-
          TNF-α、IL-6、MDA含量均显著降低,SOD活性均显著升
                                                                   1α/BNIP3 pathway[J]. J Transl Med,2019,17(1):62.
          高,揭示 AST 能够抑制 MIRI 模型大鼠的炎症和氧化应
                                                              [ 6 ]  ZHANG Y  N,LIU  D W,HU  H  J,et al.  HIF-1α/BNIP3
          激反应,减少细胞凋亡,减轻MIRI。
                                                                   signaling  pathway-induced-autophagy  plays  protective
              HIF-1α是缺氧反应中的一种关键转录因子,可通过
                                                                   role  during  myocardial  ischemia-reperfusion  injury[J].
          调节各种基因的表达来介导对缺氧的适应性反应,其在
                                                                   Biomedecine Pharmacother,2019,120:109464.
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          常氧条件下具有不稳定性,可以被蛋白酶体降解 。
                                                              [ 7 ]  SUN S B,YAN Z J,SHUI X L,et al. Astilbin prevents
          BNIP3 位于线粒体中,可参与受损线粒体的自噬清除,                              osteoarthritis  development  through  the  TLR4/MD-2
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          与心脏病的发病机制有关 。HIF-1α 信号通路可促进                              pathway[J]. J Cell Mol Med,2020,24(22):13104-13114.
          缺氧诱导的自噬,有研究证明HIF-1α在缺氧条件下能促                         [ 8 ]  LI J,GU Z W,LIU Y,et al. Astilbin attenuates cerebral
          进BNIP3的表达,进而导致LC3Ⅱ和Beclin1在缺氧下的                          ischemia/reperfusion  injury  by  inhibiting  the  TLR4/
          积累,诱导线粒体自噬,抑制细胞凋亡,从而保护脑缺血                                MyD88/NF-κB pathway[J]. Toxicol Res(Camb),2019,8
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          再灌注损伤 。LC3 的可溶性形式(LC3Ⅰ)转化为自                             (6):1002-1008.
          噬囊泡相关形式(LC3Ⅱ)被认为是自噬的主要标志;                           [ 9 ]  LIU  X  L,QI  K,GONG Y,et  al.  Ferulic  acid  alleviates
          Beclin1 也是与自噬相关的必需基因 。本研究结果显                             myocardial  ischemia  reperfusion  injury  via  upregulating
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          示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠心肌组织线粒体明显                                 AMPKα2  expression-mediated  ferroptosis  depression[J].
          肿胀,部分嵴消失,且心肌组织中 HIF-1α、BNIP3、Be‐                         J Cardiovasc Pharmacol,2021,79(4):489-500.
          clin1 蛋白表达量和 LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ均显著升高;与模型组比                      [10]  范鹤馨,张志强. 葛花总黄酮对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注动
                                                                   物损伤模型的保护作用[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,
          较,阳性对照组和 AST 低、高剂量组大鼠心肌组织线粒
                                                                   23(12):119-125.
          体肿胀明显减轻,嵴清晰,且 HIF-1α、BNIP3、Beclin1 蛋
                                                              [11]  LI Y,WANG R,XUE L,et al. Astilbin protects against ce‐
          白表达量和LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ均进一步升高。此外,HIF-1α抑制
                                                                   rebral  ischaemia/reperfusion  injury  by  inhibiting  cellular
          剂 2ME2 能明显削弱 AST 对 MIRI 模型大鼠的改善作
                                                                   apoptosis and ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome axis activation
          用 。 由 此 可 见 ,MIRI 状 态 下 HIF-1α 及 其 下 游 基 因
                                                                   [J]. Int Immunopharmacol,2020,84:106571.
          BNIP3的表达均高于正常条件下,且经AST干预后可进                         [12]  杨龙,马宁,吴建江,等. HIF-1α/BNIP3信号通路在七氟
          一步加强 HIF-1α 和 BNIP3 启动子结合,进而诱导心肌                         烷减轻大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的作用:与自噬的关
          组织线粒体自噬,抑制心肌细胞凋亡,改善心肌组织                                  系[J]. 中华麻醉学杂志,2020(1):99-102.
          受损。                                                 [13]  ZHOU  M  L,YU  Y  F,LUO  X  X,et  al.  Myocardial
              综上所述,AST 可以通过激活 HIF-1α/BNIP3 信号                      ischemia-reperfusion injury:therapeutics from a mitochon-
          通路来增强线粒体自噬,从而减轻大鼠MIRI。                                   dria-centric  perspective[J].  Cardiology,2021,146(6):
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          · 1198 ·    China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 10                            中国药房  2023年第34卷第10期
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