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基于美国FAERS的玛巴洛沙韦不良事件信号挖掘与分析
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林 静 ,杨文宝 ,吕灵通(1.济南市市中区人民医院药学部,济南 250002;2.济南市市中区人民医院西药
1*
房,济南 250002)
中图分类号 R978.7;R969.3 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)07-0868-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.07.19
摘 要 目的 挖掘玛巴洛沙韦相关药品不良事件(ADE)信号,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法 利用比例报告比(PRR)法对美
国FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)中2018年1月1日-2022年5月31日上报的有关玛巴洛沙韦的ADE信号进行挖掘。将报告
数≥3、PRR≥2且χ ≥4的ADE定义为阳性信号,并采用PRR法对ADE信号进行分析。结果 共收集到玛巴洛沙韦为主要怀疑药
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物的ADE报告1 424例,涉及ADE信号460个。女性和18岁以下患者的报告数较多;上报数最多的国家是美国;报告中药品的主
要适应证为流感。通过PRR法计算及筛选排除后共获得37个ADE阳性信号,其中上报数位于前3位的ADE信号分别为腹泻、呕
吐和速发型过敏反应,PRR值位于前3位的ADE信号分别为热性谵妄、缺血性结肠炎和出血性膀胱炎。与玛巴洛沙韦说明书对
比,有18个ADE信号尚未被说明书收录,如肝功能异常、血尿、出血性膀胱炎等;涉及5个新的SOC,包括肾脏及泌尿系统疾病、肝
胆系统疾病、各类检查、各类神经系统疾病和各种肌肉骨骼及结缔组织疾病。结论 临床应用玛巴洛沙韦时,除了关注说明书中记
载的不良反应外,还应关注肝功能异常、血尿、出血性膀胱炎等,以保障患者用药安全。
关键词 玛巴洛沙韦;药品不良事件;药物警戒;比例报告比法;安全用药
Signal mining and analysis of adverse drug events of baloxavir marboxil based on American FAERS
LIN Jing ,YANG Wenbao ,LYU Lingtong(1. Dept. of Pharmacy, Jinan Shizhong District People’s Hospital,
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Jinan 250002, China;2. Dept. of Western Medicine Pharmacy, Jinan Shizhong District People’s Hospital, Jinan
250002, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To mine adverse drug event (ADE) signals related to baloxavir marboxil, and to provide reference
for clinically safe drug use. METHODS The ADE signals related to baloxavir marboxil from January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2022 in
the US FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) were mined using the proportional reporting odds ratio (PRR) method. ADE
with report number≥3, PRR≥2 and χ ≥4 was defined as a positive signal, and PRR method was used to analyze the ADE signal.
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RESULTS A total of 1 424 ADE reports with baloxavir marboxil as the main suspected drug were collected, involving 460 ADE
signals. The femininity and patient under 18 years old were reported more, the country with the highest number of reports was the
United States, and the main indication of drug reported was influenza. A total of 37 ADE positive signals were obtained after PRR
calculation and screening exclusion, the first three ADE signals in the list of the reported number were diarrhea, vomiting and
immediate hypersensitivity, and the first three ADE signals in the list of PRR value were febrile delirium, ischaemic colitis and
hemorrhagic cystitis. Compared with the instructions of baloxavir marboxil, 18 ADE signals had not yet been included, such as
abnormal liver function, hematuria, hemorrhagic cystitis, etc. Five new SOCs were involved, such as kidney and urinary system
diseases, hepatobiliary system diseases, investigations, nervous system disorders and musculoskeletal and connective tissue
disorders. CONCLUSIONS When clinical application of baloxavir marboxil, in addition to the adverse drug reactions mentioned in
the drug instructions, attention should be paid to abnormal liver function, hematuria, hemorrhagic cystitis, etc, so as to guarantee
the safety of drug use.
KEYWORDS baloxavir marboxil; adverse drug event; pharmacovigilance; proportional reporting ratio; drug safe use
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根据世界卫生组织数据,每年感染流感病毒的严重 要 。玛巴洛沙韦为单剂量口服抗流感病毒药物,通过
病例约有 300 万~500 万人,有 29 万~65 万人因其死 水解转化为巴洛沙韦发挥抗流感病毒的活性。巴洛沙
亡 。抗病毒对于流感患者的治疗和疫情管理至关重 韦通过抑制聚合酶酸性蛋白核酸内切酶活性,抑制流感
[1]
病毒复制,在24 h内显著降低病毒活性,缩短传染期,并
Δ 基金项目 山东省中医药科技项目(No. M-2022164) [3]
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。电话:0531- 明显缩短流感症状的持续时间 。玛巴洛沙韦于 2018
58706621。E-mail:linjing636@163.com 年 2 月率先在日本获批上市,用于治疗 A 型和 B 型流感
· 868 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 7 中国药房 2023年第34卷第7期