Page 89 - 《中国药房》2023年5期

基于数据挖掘的中药治疗肾性贫血的用药规律研究
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郑 丽 ，刘 明 ，孙雪林 （1.中国航天科工集团七三一医院药学部，北京 100074；2.兰州大学循证医学中
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1＊
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心，兰州 730000；3.北京医院药学部，北京 100010）
中图分类号 R932；R287 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2023）05-0591-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.05.15

摘 要 目的 对中药治疗肾性贫血的方剂进行数据挖掘，探究中药治疗肾性贫血的用药规律。方法 通过检索PubMed、the Co‐
chrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普和中国生物医学文献数据库等中英文数据库，筛选中药治疗肾性贫血的相关
文献。采用Excel整理并统计所有方药的信息，包括单味中药使用频次、性味、归经、功效；利用R语言对各味中药进行关联规则分
析和层次聚类分析。结果 共纳入文献268篇，涉及中药169味，总使用频次3 919次，其中使用频次≥100次的药物有黄芪、当归、
白术、大黄、茯苓、熟地黄、党参、丹参、川芎，药物性味以温药、甘味为主，归经以脾、肝、肾为主，功效以补气、养血、活血化瘀、利水
渗湿、攻下为主。关联规则分析结果显示，核心组方为黄芪、当归、白术、茯苓、党参。层次聚类分析结果显示，聚类结果划分为1、
2、3层，其中黄芪和当归簇集分类始终相同。结论 肾性贫血治疗用核心组方为黄芪、当归、白术、茯苓、党参，其中黄芪和当归在
核心组方中处于中心位置，不可或缺；用药规律主要以补气、养血、健脾和化湿等为主，可根据患者的不同症状特点辨证论治，在核
心组方的基础上加减其他中药。
关键词 肾性贫血；数据挖掘；R语言；中药；用药规律

Analysis of medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of renal anemia based on data
mining
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ZHENG Li ，LIU Ming ，SUN Xuelin（1. Dept. of Pharmacy， No. 731 Hospital of China Aerospace Science and
Industry Corporation Limited， Beijing 100074， China；2. Evidence-based Medicine Center， Lanzhou University，
Lanzhou 730000， China；3. Dept. of Pharmacy， Beijing Hospital， Beijing 100010， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To carry out data mining on the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） for the
treatment of renal anemia， and to explore the medication rules of TCM in the treatment of renal anemia. METHODS The Chinese
and English databases including PubMed， the Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CNKI， Wanfang， VIP and CBM were searched
by computer to screen the related literature about TCM in the treatment of renal anemia. Excel software was used to extract
prescription information， including frequency of use， property and flavor， meridian tropism and efficacy of single TCM.
Association rule analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis were performed for each ingredient of TCM with R language.
RESULTS A total of 268 literature were included， involving 169 ingredients with a total use frequency of 3 919 times. Among
them， Astragalus memeranaceus， Angelica sinensis， Atractylodes macrocephala， Rheum officinale， Poria cocos， Radix
Rehmanniae Praeparata， Radix Codonopsis， Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligusticum chuanxiong were used more than 100 times. The
properties and flavors of the drugs were mainly warm and sweet； meridian tropism mainly targeted spleen， liver and kidney； the
function was mainly in replenishing qi， nourishing blood， promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis， and clearing
damp and promoting diuresis， purgation. The result of association rule analysis showed that the core ingredients were A.
memeranaceus， A. sinensis， A. macrocephala， P. cocos and S. miltiorrhiza. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the clustering
results were divided into grade 1， 2 and 3， and the cluster classification of A. memeranaceus and A. sinensis was always the same.
CONCLUSIONS The core prescription for treating renal anemia includes A. memeranaceus， A. sinensis， A. macrocephala， P.
cocos and S. miltiorrhiza； among them， A. memeranaceus and A. sinensis are at the center of the core prescription and
indispensable. The medication rule is mainly guided by drugs for invigorating qi， nourishing blood， strengthening spleen， and
removing dampness. According to the characteristics of different symptoms of patients， dialectical treatment is made， and other
TCM is added or subtracted on the basis of the core
Δ 基金项目 国家重点研发计划资助项目（No.2020YFC2009001）
prescription.
＊第一作者 主管药师，硕士。研究方向：医学信息学、循证医学。 KEYWORDS
E-mail：zhenglis1270755@163.com renal anemia； data mining； R language；
traditional Chinese medicine； medication rules
# 通信作者 副主任药师，博士。研究方向：循证医学、临床药物评
价。E-mail：sxl1220@163.com

中国药房 2023年第34卷第5期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 5 · 591 ·