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·循证药学·


          左乙拉西坦对比丙戊酸治疗儿童癫痫有效性和安全性的Meta分析
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          李 蕊 ,刘 畅 ,徐鲁杰 ,刘 璐 ,闫美兴 (1.中国海洋大学医药学院,山东 青岛 266003;2.青岛妇女儿
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          童医院药学部,山东 青岛 266000)
          中图分类号  R748;R971 .6      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)02-0205-07
                             +
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.02.15
          摘  要  目的  比较左乙拉西坦与丙戊酸治疗儿童癫痫的有效性与安全性,为临床用药提供循证参考。方法  计算机检索中国知
          网、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library,收集左乙拉西坦(试验组)对比丙戊酸(对照
          组)的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均为各数据库建库起至2021年10月1日。筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Cochrane系统评价
          员手册5.1.0推荐的偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文献质量进行评价;采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析、敏感性分析和发表偏倚分
          析。结果  共纳入 33 项 RCT,共计 3 116 例患儿。Meta 分析结果显示,试验组患儿的有效率显著高于对照组[RR=1.06,95%CI
         (1.02,1.11),P=0.003]。按不同疗程进行的亚组分析结果显示,治疗1、3个月时,两组患儿的有效率比较,差异均无统计学意义
         (P>0.05);治疗 6 个月时,试验组患儿的有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组患儿的不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组
          [RR=0.50,95%CI(0.41,0.61),P<0.000 01];在具体不良反应中,试验组患儿的恶心呕吐发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但两
          组患儿的皮疹、嗜睡、情绪异常、食欲不振、头晕头痛等发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。敏感性分析结果显示,所得
          结果稳定可靠。发表偏倚分析结果显示,本研究存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。结论  左乙拉西坦和丙戊酸治疗儿童癫痫的短期疗
          效(1、3个月)相当,左乙拉西坦的长期疗效(6个月)更好;且左乙拉西坦在消化系统中的安全性较好。
          关键词  儿童癫痫;左乙拉西坦;丙戊酸;Meta分析;有效性;安全性

          Efficacy  and  safety  of  levetiracetam  versus  valproic  acid  in  the  treatment  of  pediatric  epilepsy:  a  meta
          analysis
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          LI Rui ,LIU Chang ,XU Lujie ,LIU Lu ,YAN Meixing (1.  School  of  Medicine  and  Pharmacy,  Ocean
          University of China, Shandong Qingdao 266003, China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy, Qingdao Women and Children’s
          Hospital, Shandong Qingdao 266000, China)
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus valproic acid in the treatment of pediatric
          epilepsy,  and  to  provide  evidence-based  reference.  METHODS  The  databases  including  CNKI, VIP,  China  Biomedical  Literature
          Database,  Wanfang  data,  PubMed,  Embase  and  Cochrane  Library  were  searched  for  the  RCTs  about  levetiracetam (trial  group)
          and  valproic  acid (control  group)  were  collected  from  the  inception  to  October  1st,  2021.  After  literature  screening  and  data
          extraction,  the  quality  of  included  literature  was  evaluated  using  the  bias  risk  assessment  tool  recommended  by  Cochrane  system
          evaluator manual 5.1.0 and RevMan 5.3 software were used for meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis and bias risk analysis. RESULTS
          A total of 33 RCTs were included, involving 3 116 patients in total. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the effective rate
          of  trial  group  was  significantly  higher  than  control  group  [RR=1.06,  95%CI (1.02,  1.11),  P=0.003].  The  subgroup  analysis
          according  to  different  courses  of  treatment  showed  that  there  was  no  statistical  significance  in  the  effective  rate  between  2  groups
          after 1 and 3 months of treatment (P>0.05); after 6 months of treatment, the effective rate of trial group was significantly higher
          than  that  of  control  group (P<0.05).  The  incidence  of  adverse  drug  reaction  in  trial  group  was  significantly  lower  than  control
          group  [RR=0.50,  95%CI (0.41,  0.61),  P<0.000  01];  among  specific  adverse  drug  reactions,  the  incidence  of  nausea  and
          vomiting  in  trial  group  was  significantly  lower  than  control  group (P<0.05);  but  there  was  no  statistical  significance  in  the
          incidence  of  rash,  drowsiness,  abnormal  mood,  loss  of  appetite,  dizziness  or  headache (P>0.05).  Results  of  sensitivity  analysis
          showed  that  study  results  were  stable  and  reliable.  Results  of  publication  bias  analysis  showed  that  there  was  little  possibility  of
          publication  bias  in  this  study.  CONCLUSIONS  The  short-term  efficacy (1,  3  months)  of  LEV  is  similar  to  that  of  VPA  in  the
                                                             treatment  of  pediatric  epilepsy,  but  long-term  efficacy (6
             Δ 基金项目 山东省卫生健康委员会第一批药品临床综合评价
                                                             months)  of  LEV  is  better  than  that  of  VPA;  moreover,  LEV
          项目
                                                             shows better safety in digestive system.
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:hbydlr@            KEYWORDS     pediatric  epilepsy;  levetiracetam;  valproic
          163.com
                                                             acid; meta-analysis; efficacy; safety
             # 通信作者 主任药师,硕士生导师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。
          E-mail:meixing@163.com


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第2期                                                 China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 2    · 205 ·
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