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·循证药学·
左乙拉西坦对比丙戊酸治疗儿童癫痫有效性和安全性的Meta分析
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李 蕊 ,刘 畅 ,徐鲁杰 ,刘 璐 ,闫美兴 (1.中国海洋大学医药学院,山东 青岛 266003;2.青岛妇女儿
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童医院药学部,山东 青岛 266000)
中图分类号 R748;R971 .6 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)02-0205-07
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DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.02.15
摘 要 目的 比较左乙拉西坦与丙戊酸治疗儿童癫痫的有效性与安全性,为临床用药提供循证参考。方法 计算机检索中国知
网、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library,收集左乙拉西坦(试验组)对比丙戊酸(对照
组)的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均为各数据库建库起至2021年10月1日。筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Cochrane系统评价
员手册5.1.0推荐的偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文献质量进行评价;采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析、敏感性分析和发表偏倚分
析。结果 共纳入 33 项 RCT,共计 3 116 例患儿。Meta 分析结果显示,试验组患儿的有效率显著高于对照组[RR=1.06,95%CI
(1.02,1.11),P=0.003]。按不同疗程进行的亚组分析结果显示,治疗1、3个月时,两组患儿的有效率比较,差异均无统计学意义
(P>0.05);治疗 6 个月时,试验组患儿的有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组患儿的不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组
[RR=0.50,95%CI(0.41,0.61),P<0.000 01];在具体不良反应中,试验组患儿的恶心呕吐发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但两
组患儿的皮疹、嗜睡、情绪异常、食欲不振、头晕头痛等发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。敏感性分析结果显示,所得
结果稳定可靠。发表偏倚分析结果显示,本研究存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。结论 左乙拉西坦和丙戊酸治疗儿童癫痫的短期疗
效(1、3个月)相当,左乙拉西坦的长期疗效(6个月)更好;且左乙拉西坦在消化系统中的安全性较好。
关键词 儿童癫痫;左乙拉西坦;丙戊酸;Meta分析;有效性;安全性
Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus valproic acid in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy: a meta
analysis
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LI Rui ,LIU Chang ,XU Lujie ,LIU Lu ,YAN Meixing (1. School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean
University of China, Shandong Qingdao 266003, China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy, Qingdao Women and Children’s
Hospital, Shandong Qingdao 266000, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus valproic acid in the treatment of pediatric
epilepsy, and to provide evidence-based reference. METHODS The databases including CNKI, VIP, China Biomedical Literature
Database, Wanfang data, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for the RCTs about levetiracetam (trial group)
and valproic acid (control group) were collected from the inception to October 1st, 2021. After literature screening and data
extraction, the quality of included literature was evaluated using the bias risk assessment tool recommended by Cochrane system
evaluator manual 5.1.0 and RevMan 5.3 software were used for meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis and bias risk analysis. RESULTS
A total of 33 RCTs were included, involving 3 116 patients in total. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the effective rate
of trial group was significantly higher than control group [RR=1.06, 95%CI (1.02, 1.11), P=0.003]. The subgroup analysis
according to different courses of treatment showed that there was no statistical significance in the effective rate between 2 groups
after 1 and 3 months of treatment (P>0.05); after 6 months of treatment, the effective rate of trial group was significantly higher
than that of control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse drug reaction in trial group was significantly lower than control
group [RR=0.50, 95%CI (0.41, 0.61), P<0.000 01]; among specific adverse drug reactions, the incidence of nausea and
vomiting in trial group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05); but there was no statistical significance in the
incidence of rash, drowsiness, abnormal mood, loss of appetite, dizziness or headache (P>0.05). Results of sensitivity analysis
showed that study results were stable and reliable. Results of publication bias analysis showed that there was little possibility of
publication bias in this study. CONCLUSIONS The short-term efficacy (1, 3 months) of LEV is similar to that of VPA in the
treatment of pediatric epilepsy, but long-term efficacy (6
Δ 基金项目 山东省卫生健康委员会第一批药品临床综合评价
months) of LEV is better than that of VPA; moreover, LEV
项目
shows better safety in digestive system.
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:hbydlr@ KEYWORDS pediatric epilepsy; levetiracetam; valproic
163.com
acid; meta-analysis; efficacy; safety
# 通信作者 主任药师,硕士生导师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。
E-mail:meixing@163.com
中国药房 2023年第34卷第2期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 2 · 205 ·