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血小板减少的房颤伴动脉粥样硬化患者的抗栓治疗管理策略及
文献分析
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黄永佳 1, 2* ,丁 玲 ,曾 芳 ,刘 洁 ,李金豆 ,刘易慧 (1.重庆市江津区中心医院药学部,重庆 402260;
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2.华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院药剂科,武汉 430022;3.重庆市江津区中心医院胃肠外科,重庆
402260)
中图分类号 R969;R972 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)02-0223-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.02.18
摘 要 目的 为血小板减少的房颤伴动脉粥样硬化患者的抗栓治疗管理提供参考。方法 临床药师参与1例血小板减少的房颤
伴动脉粥样硬化患者的治疗过程,根据患者病史、实验室检查结果等分析血小板减少原因,同时参考相关指南评估患者的血栓-出
血风险,协助临床医师为患者制定个体化抗栓治疗方案及药学监护计划;检索中国知网收集血小板减少相关抗栓治疗的文献并进
行分析。结果 该患者血小板减少考虑为原发性血小板减少症可能性大,其出血风险主要是年龄≥65岁、存在出血倾向以及合并
使用抗栓药物。临床药师评估患者的血栓-出血风险后,建议临床医师予以全剂量贝米肝素钠注射液+盐酸决奈达隆片+琥珀酸美
托洛尔缓释片;针对血小板减少,临床医师予以复方皂矾丸、咖啡酸片和升血小板胶囊,但用药后患者出现腹泻,临床药师建议停
用升血小板胶囊,临床医师采纳建议。患者出院时,临床药师建议出院抗栓治疗方案为单用抗凝或择期抗凝,临床医师考虑该患
者目前血小板减低、尿潜血(+)和大便隐血弱阳性,故选择择期抗凝治疗,并嘱出院带药为琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片+阿托伐他汀钙
片。文献分析结果显示,血栓栓塞患者血小板减少的原因主要包括肝素诱导性血小板减少症、免疫性血小板减少症等,经对症治
疗后所有患者均好转。结论 临床药师通过参与血小板减少的房颤伴动脉粥样硬化患者的抗栓治疗管理,有效控制了患者的病
情,确保了患者用药安全、有效。
关键词 心房颤动;动脉粥样硬化;血小板减少;抗栓治疗;药学监护
Management strategy of antithrombotic therapy in thrombocytopenia patients with atrial fibrillation and
atherosclerosis and a literature review
HUANG Yongjia ,DING Ling ,ZENG Fang ,LIU Jie ,LI Jindou ,LIU Yihui(1. Dept. of Pharmacy, Central
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Hospital of Chongqing Jiangjin District, Chongqing 402260, China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy, Union Hospital
Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
3. Dept. of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Central Hospital of Chongqing Jiangjin District, Chongqing 402260, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To provide reference for the management of antithrombotic therapy in thrombocytopenia patients with
atrial fibrillation and atherosclerosis. METHODS The clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment of a thrombocytopenia patient
with atrial fibrillation and atherosclerosis, and analyzed the causes of thrombocytopenia according to the patient’s medical history
and laboratory examination results. At the same time, the risk of thrombosis-bleeding was evaluated according to the relevant
guidelines, and the clinicians were assisted in formulating individual antithrombotic therapy plan and pharmaceutical care plan for
the patient. The literature on antithrombotic therapy related to thrombocytopenia was collected and analyzed by retrieving CNKI.
RESULTS Thrombocytopenia was considered as primary thrombocytopenia in this patient, and the main risk of bleeding was
age ≥65 years old, bleeding tendency, and combined use of antithrombotic drugs. After the clinical pharmacist assessed the risk of
thrombosis and bleeding, the clinician was recommended to give full dose of Bemiheparin sodium injection + Dronedarone
hydrochloride tablets + Metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets. In view of thrombocytopenia, the clinician gave Compound
zaofan pill, Caffeic acid tablet and Sheng xuexiaoban capsule, but the patient developed diarrhea after the medication. The clinical
pharmacist suggested stopping Sheng xuexiaoban capsule, and the clinician adopted the clinical pharmacist’s suggestion. When the
patient was discharged from hospital, the clinical pharmacist
Δ 基金项目 湖北省科技计划项目(No.2020BCA060) suggested that the antithrombotic therapy plan for discharge
* 第一作者 药 师 ,硕 士 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 电 话 :023-
47225178。E-mail:1074717950@qq.com was anticoagulation alone or selective anticoagulation. The
# 通信作者 主管药师,博士。研究方向:临床药学。电话:027- clinician chose selective anticoagulation treatment considering
85726073。E-mail:kafkaliu@163.com that the patient’s current thrombocytopenia, urinary occult
中国药房 2023年第34卷第2期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 2 · 223 ·