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血小板减少的房颤伴动脉粥样硬化患者的抗栓治疗管理策略及

          文献分析
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          黄永佳    1, 2* ,丁 玲 ,曾 芳 ,刘 洁 ,李金豆 ,刘易慧 (1.重庆市江津区中心医院药学部,重庆 402260;
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          2.华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院药剂科,武汉 430022;3.重庆市江津区中心医院胃肠外科,重庆
          402260)
          中图分类号  R969;R972      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)02-0223-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.02.18

          摘  要  目的  为血小板减少的房颤伴动脉粥样硬化患者的抗栓治疗管理提供参考。方法  临床药师参与1例血小板减少的房颤
          伴动脉粥样硬化患者的治疗过程,根据患者病史、实验室检查结果等分析血小板减少原因,同时参考相关指南评估患者的血栓-出
          血风险,协助临床医师为患者制定个体化抗栓治疗方案及药学监护计划;检索中国知网收集血小板减少相关抗栓治疗的文献并进
          行分析。结果  该患者血小板减少考虑为原发性血小板减少症可能性大,其出血风险主要是年龄≥65岁、存在出血倾向以及合并
          使用抗栓药物。临床药师评估患者的血栓-出血风险后,建议临床医师予以全剂量贝米肝素钠注射液+盐酸决奈达隆片+琥珀酸美
          托洛尔缓释片;针对血小板减少,临床医师予以复方皂矾丸、咖啡酸片和升血小板胶囊,但用药后患者出现腹泻,临床药师建议停
          用升血小板胶囊,临床医师采纳建议。患者出院时,临床药师建议出院抗栓治疗方案为单用抗凝或择期抗凝,临床医师考虑该患
          者目前血小板减低、尿潜血(+)和大便隐血弱阳性,故选择择期抗凝治疗,并嘱出院带药为琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片+阿托伐他汀钙
          片。文献分析结果显示,血栓栓塞患者血小板减少的原因主要包括肝素诱导性血小板减少症、免疫性血小板减少症等,经对症治
          疗后所有患者均好转。结论  临床药师通过参与血小板减少的房颤伴动脉粥样硬化患者的抗栓治疗管理,有效控制了患者的病
          情,确保了患者用药安全、有效。
          关键词  心房颤动;动脉粥样硬化;血小板减少;抗栓治疗;药学监护

          Management  strategy  of  antithrombotic  therapy  in  thrombocytopenia  patients  with  atrial  fibrillation  and
          atherosclerosis and a literature review
          HUANG Yongjia ,DING Ling ,ZENG Fang ,LIU Jie ,LI Jindou ,LIU Yihui(1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Central
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                         1, 2
          Hospital  of  Chongqing  Jiangjin  District,  Chongqing  402260,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Union  Hospital
          Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
          3. Dept. of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Central Hospital of Chongqing Jiangjin District, Chongqing 402260, China)
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE To provide reference for the management of antithrombotic therapy in thrombocytopenia patients with
          atrial fibrillation and atherosclerosis. METHODS The clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment of a thrombocytopenia patient
          with  atrial  fibrillation  and  atherosclerosis,  and  analyzed  the  causes  of  thrombocytopenia  according  to  the  patient’s  medical  history
          and  laboratory  examination  results.  At  the  same  time,  the  risk  of  thrombosis-bleeding  was  evaluated  according  to  the  relevant
          guidelines,  and  the  clinicians  were  assisted  in  formulating  individual  antithrombotic  therapy  plan  and  pharmaceutical  care  plan  for
          the  patient.  The  literature  on  antithrombotic  therapy  related  to  thrombocytopenia  was  collected  and  analyzed  by  retrieving  CNKI.
          RESULTS  Thrombocytopenia  was  considered  as  primary  thrombocytopenia  in  this  patient,  and  the  main  risk  of  bleeding  was
          age ≥65 years old, bleeding tendency, and combined use of antithrombotic drugs. After the clinical pharmacist assessed the risk of
          thrombosis  and  bleeding,  the  clinician  was  recommended  to  give  full  dose  of  Bemiheparin  sodium  injection  +  Dronedarone
          hydrochloride  tablets  +  Metoprolol  succinate  sustained-release  tablets.  In  view  of  thrombocytopenia,  the  clinician  gave  Compound
          zaofan pill, Caffeic acid tablet and Sheng xuexiaoban capsule, but the patient developed diarrhea after the medication. The clinical
          pharmacist suggested stopping Sheng xuexiaoban capsule, and the clinician adopted the clinical pharmacist’s suggestion. When the
                                                             patient  was  discharged  from  hospital,  the  clinical  pharmacist
              Δ 基金项目 湖北省科技计划项目(No.2020BCA060)                suggested  that  the  antithrombotic  therapy  plan  for  discharge
             * 第一作者 药 师 ,硕 士 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 电 话 :023-
          47225178。E-mail:1074717950@qq.com                  was  anticoagulation  alone  or  selective  anticoagulation.  The
             # 通信作者 主管药师,博士。研究方向:临床药学。电话:027-                clinician  chose  selective  anticoagulation  treatment  considering
          85726073。E-mail:kafkaliu@163.com                   that  the  patient’s  current  thrombocytopenia,  urinary  occult


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第2期                                                 China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 2    · 223 ·
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