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葡萄糖激酶激活剂治疗2型糖尿病有效性和安全性的Meta分析
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李 杰 ,陈晓菲,徐子寒,刘晓燕,张月婵,韩 怡,张 卫 ,蒋志涛(张家港市中医医院药学部,江苏 张家港
*
215600)
中图分类号 R977.6 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)01-0102-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.01.20
摘 要 目的 系统评价葡萄糖激酶激活剂治疗 2 型糖尿病的有效性和安全性。方法 检索 PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of
Science、Embase、中国知网等数据库,时间为建库至2022年3月。纳入葡萄糖激酶激活剂与安慰剂(或其他口服降糖药)对照治疗
2型糖尿病的随机对照试验,提取资料并用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 纳入9项研究,2 150名患者。降糖效果方面,
与对照组相比,葡萄糖激酶激活剂能显著降低糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白[MD=-0.40,95%CI(-0.53,-0.26),P<0.000 01]、空腹
血糖[MD=-0.53,95%CI(-0.85,-0.20),P=0.001]和餐后 2 h 血糖[MD=-2.28,95%CI(-2.68,-1.88),P<0.000 01]。安全
性方面,总体上葡萄糖激酶激活剂的低血糖发生率要高于对照组[RR=1.55,95%CI(1.20,2.01),P=0.000 8];根据葡萄糖激酶激
活剂激活的脏器进行亚组分析,胰腺肝脏双激活剂组[RR=1.44,95%CI(1.11,1.89),P=0.007]和肝脏选择性激活剂组[RR=2.26,
95%CI(1.02,5.03),P=0.05]的低血糖发生率均要高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论 葡萄糖激酶激活剂能有效降低2型糖尿
病患者的糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖,但其低血糖风险仍有待解决。
关键词 葡萄糖激酶激活剂;2型糖尿病;Meta分析;有效性;安全性
Efficacy and safety of glucokinase activators for type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy: a meta-analysis
LI Jie,CHEN Xiaofei,XU Zihan,LIU Xiaoyan,ZHANG Yuechan,HAN Yi,ZHANG Wei,JIANG Zhitao(Dept.
of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Zhangjiagang 215600, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucokinase activators in the treatment of type 2
diabetes mellitus. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase and CNKI databases were searched from the
inception to March 2022. Randomized controlled trials about glucokinase activators versus placebo (or other oral hypoglycemic
agents) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes were included, data were extracted and meta-analysis was analyzed using RevMan 5.4
software. RESULTS A total of 9 studies with 215 0 patients were included. In terms of hypoglycemic effect, compared with
control group, glucokinase activators significantly reduced glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) [MD=-0.40, 95%CI(-0.53,
-0.26), P<0.000 01], fasting blood glucose[MD=-0.53, 95%CI(-0.85, -0.20), P=0.001] and 2 h postprandial blood
glucose [MD=-2.28, 95%CI(-2.68, -1.88), P<0.000 01] in diabetic patients. In terms of safety, the incidence of
hypoglycemia caused by glucokinase activators was higher than control group on the whole [RR=1.55, 95%CI(1.20,2.01), P=
0.000 8]. According to the subgroup analysis of organs activated by glucokinase activator, the incidence of hypoglycemia in the
pancreas-liver dual activator group [RR=1.44, 95%CI(1.11,1.89), P=0.007] and liver-selective activator group [RR=2.26,
95%CI(1.02,5.03), P=0.05] was higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS Glucokinase activators can effectively reduce HbA1c, fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose in
patients with type 2 diabetes, but the risk of hypoglycemia remains to be addressed.
KEYWORDS glucokinase activators; type 2 diabetes mellitus; meta-analysis; efficacy; safety
2 型糖尿病(diabetes mellitus type 2,T2DM)是一种 T2DM 的一线药物 [1―3] ,若血糖控制仍不佳,可以在此基
因胰岛素相对缺乏或胰岛素抵抗,以血糖升高为特征的 础上联合应用包括二肽基肽酶 4 抑制剂(dipeptidyl pep‐
慢性代谢疾病。为了控制血糖、延缓并发症的发生, tidases-4 inhibitor,DPP-4i)、钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制
T2DM 患者往往需要在生活方式干预的基础上终身服 剂(sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor,SGLT2i)等
在内的其他作用机制的降糖药物。尽管有多种降糖机
用降糖药物。多国指南均建议将二甲双胍作为治疗
制的药物已被纳入 T2DM 的标准治疗路径,但只有
Δ 基金项目 江 苏 省 药 学 会 - 天 晴 医 院 药 学 科 研 项 目(No. [4]
52.5%的患者血糖控制是达标的 。因此,为了避免现有
Q202056)
降糖药物治疗效果随时间推移而减弱或消失,仍然需要
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。电话:0512-
56380627。E-mail:yztalijie@163.com 全新作用机制的降糖药物作为治疗补充。
# 通信作者 副主任药师。研究方向:临床药学。电话:0512- 葡萄糖激酶(glucokinase,GK)是人体内存在的一种
56380627。E-mail:910220874@qq.com 葡萄糖代谢限速酶,主要分布在肝脏和胰腺,在肝脏调
· 102 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 1 中国药房 2023年第34卷第1期