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医保目录调整对医院罕见病用药的影响研究
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易洪彬 ,石丰豪 ,蒯丽萍 ,邢 花 (1.沈阳药科大学工商管理学院,沈阳 110016;2.北京大学医药管理国际
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研究中心,北京 100191;3.中国药学会科技开发中心,北京 100022)
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2022)24-2952-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.24.02
摘 要 目的 探究医保目录调整对医院罕见病用药的影响,为提高我国罕见病患者用药保障水平提供参考。方法 从全国医药
经济信息网中提取2016年1月-2018年12月有连续数据的789家医疗机构的罕见病用药的月度采购数据,采用单组间断时间序
列模型对医保目录调整前后的罕见病用药品种、采购金额、平均限定日费用(DDDc)和用药频度(DDDs)进行比较。结果 2017年
医保目录共新增9个罕见病用药,包括吡非尼酮、左旋多巴/卡比多巴、利鲁唑、罗匹尼罗、屈昔多巴、依折麦布、依维莫司、重组人凝
血因子Ⅸ和重组人凝血因子Ⅶa。医保目录调整后,9个罕见病用药的平均DDDc显著降低,DDDs和采购金额的上升趋势显著增
大(P<0.001)。结论 我国医保目录中新增的罕见病用药数量不断增多,医疗保障覆盖范围不断扩大,罕见病用药价格显著降低,
患者经济负担进一步降低,罕见病用药的用量显著增加,惠及了更多的罕见病患者,但同时也会增加医院的罕见病用药的采购金
额。国家医疗保障部门需要充分考虑如何权衡医保基金承受能力与罕见病用药覆盖需求。
关键词 医保目录;罕见病;间断时间序列分析;限定日费用;用药频度
Research on the impact of the adjustment of National Reimbursement Drug List on drug use of rare
disease in hospitals
YI Hongbin ,SHI Fenghao ,KUAI Liping ,XING Hua (1. School of Business Administration,Shenyang
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Pharmaceutical University,Shenyang 110016,China;2. International Research Center for Medical Administration,
Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;3. Science and Technology Development Center of Chinese Pharmaceutical
Association,Beijing 100022,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To explore the impact of the adjustment of the national reimbursement drug list on rare disease drugs
in hospitals, and to provide reference for improving the drug security of patients with rare diseases in China. METHODS The
monthly procurement data of rare disease drugs from 789 medical institutions that continuously reported data from January 2016 to
December 2018 were extracted from the Chinese Medicine Economic Information. The single-group interrupted time series model
was used to compare drug varieties, procurement amount, average defined daily cost (DDDc) and defined daily doses (DDDs) of
rare disease drugs before and after the adjustment of national reimbursement drug list. RESULTS In 2017, a total of 9 rare disease
drugs were newly included in the national reimbursement drug list, including pirfenidone, carbidopa/levodopa, riluzole, ropinirole,
droxidopa, ezetimibe, everolimus, coagulation factor Ⅸ human recombinant and coagulation factor Ⅶa human recombinant. After
the adjustment of the national reimbursement drug list, the average DDDc of 9 rare disease drugs was significantly decreased, the
upward trend of DDDs and the procurement amount was significantly increased (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The number of
newly included rare disease drugs in national reimbursement drug list keeps increasing, the coverage of medical security keeps
expanding, the price of rare disease drugs is significantly decreased, the economic burden of patients is further decreased, and the
consumption of rare disease drugs is significantly increased, benefiting more patients with rare diseases; but at the same time, it
also increases the procurement amount of rare disease drugs in hospitals. National medical security departments need to fully
consider how to balance the affordability of medical insurance funds with the demand for rare disease drug coverage.
KEYWORDS national reimbursement drug list; rare disease; interrupted time series analysis; defined daily dose cost; defined
daily doses
Δ 基金项目 国家医疗保障局(医药服务管理司)立项课题(No. 罕见病是对患病率极低、患者总数少的疾病的统
2022020) 称 。2021年9月11日,在中国罕见病/孤儿药定义第三
[1]
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:医药政策研究、药物经济学。 次多学科专家研讨会上,《中国罕见病定义研究报告
电话:024-23986543。E-mail:yhb827668567@126.com
2021》将“新生儿发病率小于万分之一、患病率小于万分
# 通信作者 副教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:医药政策与管
[2]
理、药物经济学。电话:024-23986543。E-mail:gsglxyxh@126.com 之一、患病人数少于 14 万的疾病”定义为罕见病 。罕
· 2952 · China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 24 中国药房 2022年第33卷第24期