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诃黎勒酸和诃子酸的提取、分离工艺优化
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          陈九妹 ,朱麒臻,鞠成国,张 强,王 巍(辽宁中医药大学药学院,辽宁 大连 116600)
          中图分类号  R283;R285.5;R917      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2022)22-2733-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.22.09


          摘  要  目的  优化诃子中诃黎勒酸和诃子酸的提取、分离工艺。方法  在单因素实验基础上,以物料粒径、液料比、提取时间、提
          取次数为考察因素,以诃黎勒酸、诃子酸含量为指标,采用正交实验设计优化诃黎勒酸和诃子酸的提取工艺。以上样液浓度、洗脱
          溶剂、十八烷基键合硅胶反相填料(ODS)用量与上样生药量比值为考察因素,优化诃黎勒酸和诃子酸的分离工艺。结果  诃黎勒
          酸和诃子酸的最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数70%,超声提取,物料粒径120目,液料比25∶1(mL/g),提取时间20 min,提取次数2
          次;经3次实验验证,平均综合得分为99.33分(RSD=0.68%,n=3),诃黎勒酸、诃子酸的平均含量分别为107.05、58.32 mg/g。诃
          黎勒酸和诃子酸的最佳分离工艺为上样液浓度0.5 g/mL(1 mL相当于0.5 g药材),ODS用量与上样生药量比值10∶1.5(g/g),甲醇-
          水(1∶4,V/V)洗脱诃黎勒酸,甲醇-水(3∶7,V/V)洗脱诃子酸;经 3 次实验验证,诃黎勒酸、诃子酸的平均总得率分别为 53.33%、
          39.23%。经重结晶后,2种成分的纯度均为100%。结论  所建立的诃黎勒酸和诃子酸的提取、分离工艺简单可行。
          关键词  诃黎勒酸;诃子酸;提取工艺;分离工艺

          Optimization of the extraction and separation process of chebulagic acid and chebulinic acid
          CHEN Jiumei,ZHU Qizhen,JU Chengguo,ZHANG Qiang,WANG Wei(School  of  Pharmacy,  Liaoning
          University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning Dalian 116600, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  optimize  the  extraction  and  separation  process  of  chebulagic  acid  and  chebulinic  acid  from
          Terminalia  chebula.  METHODS  Based  on  single  factor  experiment,  with  particle  size,  liquid-solid  ratio,  extraction  time  and
          extraction  times  as  factors,  using  the  contents  of  chebulagic  acid  and  chebulinic  acid  as  indexes,  orthogonal  experiment  was
          designed to optimize the extraction process of chebulagic acid and chebulinic acid. Taking sample concentration, elution solvent and
          the ratio of eighteen-group bonded silicone reverse phase (ODS) to the amount of raw medicine as factors, the separation processes
          of chebulagic acid and chebulinic acid were optimized. RESULTS The optimal extraction process of chebulagic acid and chebulinic
          acid included ethanol volume fraction of 70%, ultrasonic extraction, particle size of 120 mesh, liquid-solid ratio of 25∶1 (mL/g),
          extraction  time  of  20  min,  and  extracting  for  2  times. After  3  experiments,  the  average  comprehensive  score  was  99.33 (RSD=
          0.68%,  n=3),  and  the  average  contents  of  chebulagic  acid  and  chebulinic  acid  were  107.05  and  58.32  mg/g,  respectively.  The
          optimal separation process of the two components included the concentration of sample loading solution was 0.5 g/mL (1 mL was
          equivalent to 0.5 g of medicinal materials), the ratio of ODS to the amount of raw medicine was 10∶1.5 (g/g), methanol-water
         (1∶4, V/V) eluted chebulagic acid, methanol-water (3∶7, V/V) eluted chebulinic acid. After 3 experiments, the average total yields
          of the two components were 53.33%, 39.23%. After recrystallization, the purity of both components was 100%. CONCLUSIONS
          Established extraction and separation process of chebulagic acid and chebulinic acid is simple and feasible.
          KEYWORDS    chebulagic acid; chebulinic acid; extraction process; separation process



              诃子为使君子科植物诃子 Terminalia chebula Retz.           蒙、藏医药方剂中使用广泛。鞣质类成分是诃子的主要
          或绒毛诃子 T. chebula Retz. var.tomentella Kurt. 的干燥    化学成分,其含量达23.6%~37.4%,主要包括没食子酸、
                                                                                                    [4]
          成熟果实,具有涩肠止泻、敛肺利咽的功效,主要用于治                          诃子次酸、鞣花酸、诃黎勒酸、诃子酸等成分 ,具有抗
          疗久泻久利、咽痛音哑,现收载于2020年版《中国药典》                        炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等作用 。本课题组前期通过对 10
                                                                                    [5]
         (一部) 。诃子具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等作用                   [2-3] ,在  批不同产地诃子药材含量分析发现,诃黎勒酸平均含量
                [1]
                                                                                                 [6]
                                                             约 10%,诃子酸平均含量约 7%,含量较高 。有研究从
             Δ 基金项目 辽宁省科学技术计划项目(No.2019-ZD-0951);辽宁          诃子植物亲缘学、传统药效药性、临床应用、化学成分等
          中医药大学自然科学类重点项目(No.2021LZY034)
                                                             方面进行分析得出,诃黎勒酸和诃子酸为诃子的质量标
             * 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :中 药 分 析 。 E-mail:       [7]
          jiumeichenjmc@163.com                              志物 ;也有研究认为,诃黎勒酸、诃子酸含量与诃子药
                                                                                            [8]
                                                             材的品种、性状、质量均具有相关性 ,因此这 2 个成分
             # 通信作者 副教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药质量评价
          及新药开发。电话:0411-85890166。E-mail:ww_101737@126.com    可作为诃子药材质量控制及质量溯源的重要指标。目

          中国药房  2022年第33卷第22期                                              China Pharmacy  2022 Vol. 33  No. 22    · 2733 ·
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