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我国药师资源空间分布及动态变化                                       Δ


                        2 #
        乔若晨 ,拜争刚 (1.南京中医药大学药学院,南京 210023;2.南京理工大学循证社会科学与健康研究中心,
               1*
        南京 210094)

        中图分类号 R95           文献标志码 A          文章编号     1001-0408(2022)15-1898-04
        DOI   10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.15.20

        摘   要   目的 研究我国2010-2020年药师资源在省级层面的空间分布及空间聚集性,以期为药师资源的优化配置提供参考。方
        法 以《2011 中国卫生统计年鉴》《2016 中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》《2021 中国卫生健康统计年鉴》《中国统计年鉴》为数据来
        源,对我国各省份人均药师数进行空间分布描述,然后分别运用全局空间自相关、局域空间自相关方法对药师资源的空间聚集现
        状进行分析。结果 2020 年我国人均药师数在各省份之间具有一定的差异,其中以北京最高(6.9 人/万人),河北最低(2.7 人/万
        人)。在2010-2020年间,各省份人均药师数均有所增加,其中以贵州的增幅最大(增长率为50.6%),辽宁的增幅最小(增长率为
        3.1%)。全局空间自相关分析结果显示,2010-2014年我国人均药师资源空间聚集程度逐年下降;2016-2019年我国人均药师资
        源空间聚集程度有所增加,2020年保持稳定。局域空间自相关分析结果显示,2010年,四川、云南、贵州呈现出低-低聚集模式,天
        津呈现出高-高聚集模式;2015年,四川、云南呈现出低-低聚集模式,天津呈现出高-高聚集模式;2020年,山东呈现出低-低聚集模
        式,天津呈现出高-高聚集模式。结论 2010-2020年我国各省份人均药师资源存在空间聚集现象,药师资源主要集中在北上广深
        及经济发达的长三角区域。
        关键词     药师;资源配置;空间统计技术;空间聚集

        Spatial distribution and dynamic changes of pharmacist resource in China
                      1
                                       2
        QIAO Ruochen ,BAI Zhenggang(1. School of Pharmacy,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing
        210023,China;2. Evidence-based Social Science and Health Research Center,Nanjing University of Science
        and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE To study the spatial distribution and spatial aggregation of pharmacist resources at provincial level in
        China from 2010 to 2020,and to provide reference for the optimal configuration of pharmacist resources. METHODS Taking the
        2011 China Health Statistics Yearbook,2016 China Health and Family Planning Statistics Yearbook,2021 China Health Statistics
        Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook as data sources,the spatial distribution of the number of pharmacists per capita in each
        province in China was described,and the current situation of pharmacist resource spatial aggregation were analyzed by using global
        spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation methods. RESULTS In 2020,the number of pharmacists per capita in China
        had certain differences among provinces,with the highest in Beijing reaching 6.9 people/10 000 people,and the lowest in Hebei at
        2.7 people/10 000 people. From 2010 to 2020,the number of pharmacists per capita in all provinces had increased,with the largest
        increase in Guizhou(50.6%)and the smallest increase in Liaoning(3.1%). Results of the global spatial autocorrelation showed
        that the clustering degree of pharmacist resource allocation per capita decreased gradually from 2010 to 2014. Spatial aggregation of
        pharmacist resource allocation per capita increased to certain extent from 2016 to 2019,and remained stable in 2020. Results of
        local spatial autocorrelation showed that Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou presented a low-low aggregation pattern in 2010,while
        Tianjin presented a high-high aggregation pattern;in 2015,Sichuan and Yunnan presented a low-low aggregation pattern,while
        Tianjin presented a high-high aggregation pattern;in 2020,Shandong presented a low-low aggregation pattern,while Tianjin
        presented a high-high aggregation pattern. CONCLUSIONS From 2010 to 2020,there was a spatial clustering phenomenon in the
        allocation of pharmacist source per capita at the provincial level in China, and pharmacist resources are correspondingly
        concentrated in the Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen and the economically developed Yangtze River Delta region.
        KEYWORDS     pharmacist;resource allocation;spatial statistical techniques;spatial aggregation


            2016 年国务院发布的《“健康中国 2030”规划纲要》                   力大幅提升,健康服务质量和水平明显提高;要持续改
        提出:“到2030年我国要实现全民健康覆盖,健康服务能                         进医疗质量和医疗安全,提升医疗服务同质化程度,使
                                                                                                         [1]
                                                            主要医疗服务质量指标达到或接近世界先进水平”。
            Δ 基金项目 国家社会科学重大项目(No.19ZDA142)
                                                            药师是健康服务体系的重要成员。2021 年国家卫生健
            *第一作者 研究方向:药学。E-mail:042119220@njucm.edu.cn
            # 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,博士。 研究方向:循证医学。电                 康委发布的《中华人民共和国药师法(草案第三次征求
        话:025-84318189。E-mail:baizhenggang@126.com          意见稿)》提出,药师应当依法履行本单位的药品质量管


        ·1898 ·  China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 15                                 中国药房    2022年第33卷第15期
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