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重组人血小板生成素注射液和艾曲泊帕乙醇胺片二线治疗原发
免疫性血小板减少症的成本-效用分析
经天宇 ,刘海娇,刘朝一(中国药科大学国际医药商学院,南京 211198)
*
中图分类号 R956;R973 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2022)09-1109-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.09.14
摘 要 目的 评估重组人血小板生成素注射液(简称“rhTPO”)对比艾曲泊帕乙醇胺片(简称“艾曲泊帕”)在中国原发免疫性血小
板减少症(ITP)成人患者二线治疗中的经济性。方法 基于嵌入决策树的马尔可夫模型,以4周为循环周期,从卫生体系角度对患
者使用 2种药物后的出血事件、不良事件等有关成本和效用进行测算和比较。研究时限为12周,不对成本和健康产出贴现。结果
rhTPO较艾曲泊帕提高了0.002 5质量调整生命年,并减少了成本1 824.36元,为绝对优势方案。单因素敏感性分析结果显示,维
持期rhTPO、艾曲泊帕用量对结果的影响较大,但多数情况下rhTPO较艾曲泊帕更具有经济性;概率敏感性分析结果显示,当意愿
支付阈值在0~25万元间变动时,rhTPO具有经济性的概率为99.90%~100%。结论 在现有证据下,rhTPO相较艾曲泊帕用于二
线治疗ITP在短期内更具有经济性。
关键词 重组人血小板生成素注射液;艾曲泊帕乙醇胺片;原发免疫性血小板减少症;成本-效用分析
Cost-utility analysis of Recombinant human thrombopoietin injection and Etrapopa ethanolamine tablets
in the second-line treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia
JING Tianyu,LIU Haijiao,LIU Chaoyi(School of International Pharmaceutical Business,China Pharmaceutical
University,Nanjing 211198,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the economical efficiency of Recombinant human thrombopoietin injection (called
“rhTPO”for short) versus Etrapopa ethanolamine tablets (called“Etrapopa”for short) in the second-line treatment of primary
immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)in the Chinese adult patients. METHODS Based on the decision tree-embedded Markov model
with a 4-week cycle,the cost and utility related to bleeding events and adverse events after the use of the two drugs were measured
and compared from the perspective of Chinese health system. The horizon was 12 weeks,and the cost and health outcome were not
discounted. RESULTS Compared with Etrapopa,rhTPO improved the quality adjusted life year by 0.002 5 and reduced the cost by
1 824.36 yuan,which was the absolute advantage scheme. Univariate sensitivity analysis showed that the base results were greatly
affected by the dosage of rhTPO and Etrapopa during maintainance period. In most cases,rhTPO was economical. Probability
sensitivity analysis showed that when willingness-to-pay threshold varied between 0 yuan and 250 000 yuan,the probability about
that rhTPO was economical ranges from 99.90% to 100%. CONCLUSIONS Based on the available evidence,rhTPO is more
economical in the short term than Etrapopa in the second-line treatment of ITP.
KEYWORDS Recombinant human thrombopoietin injection;Etrapopa ethanolamine tablet;primary immune thrombocytopenia;
cost-utility analysis
原发免疫性血小板减少症(primary immune throm- 采用二线治疗方案。促血小板生成药物为二线治疗ITP
[7]
[1]
bocytopenia,ITP)为临床最常见的出血性疾病 ,与出血 的首选药 ,目前已在我国上市的有重组人血小板生成
风险有一定相关性 ,易产生乏力症状 ,且治疗后不良 素注射液(Recombinant human thrombopoietin injection,
[2]
[3]
反应发生率高。ITP本身及其治疗均会对患者的健康相 简称“rhTPO”,商品名:特比澳)和艾曲泊帕乙醇胺片(简
关生存质量(health related quality of life,HRQoL)产生 称为“艾曲泊帕”,商品名:瑞弗兰)2 种。在各自的对照
[4]
较 大 影 响 ,并 带 来 严 重 的 经 济 负 担 。 ITP 患 者 的 试验中,两者均显示出了较好的疗效 [8-9] 。为更好地比
HRQoL 与糖尿病患者相似,较癌症患者更低 。在美 较 2 种药物的临床获益,2020 年 Mei 等 开展了 1 项随
[10]
[5]
国,每年有近20 000名儿童和成人被新诊断为ITP,在首 机、双盲、多中心临床试验,发现在 14 d 的随访时间中,
次诊断为ITP后12个月内的直接医疗花费总计超过4亿 rhTPO 较艾曲泊帕显示出更优的疗效。rhTPO 于 2020
美元(2016年),约为美国当年卫生总支出的0.12‰ 。 年国家医保谈判后进一步降价,而降价后两者的经济性
[6]
ITP 疾病进展复杂,若一线治疗无效或不耐受则需 如何尚不可知。因此,本研究基于该临床试验,通过嵌
入决策树的马尔可夫模型对2种药物治疗ITP的有关成
*硕士研究生。研究方向:医疗保险、药物政策、药物经济学。电
话:025-86185036。E-mail:jty_work@163.com 本和健康产出进行比较,以期为临床决策提供参考。
中国药房 2022年第33卷第9期 China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 9 ·1109 ·