Page 73 - 《中国药房》2021年22期

罂粟壳的HPLC指纹图谱建立及其5个成分的含量测定 Δ

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张晓萍 ，石晓峰 ，张虹艳 ，朱仁愿 ，张彩霞（1.兰州市食品药品检验检测研究院，兰州 730050；2.甘肃省
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医学科学研究院，兰州 730050）
中图分类号 R284.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2021）22-2755-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.22.12

摘 要 目的：建立罂粟壳的指纹图谱，并测定其中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁等5个成分的含量。方法：采用高效液
相色谱（HPLC）法。以 Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18为色谱柱，以甲醇-庚烷磺酸钠溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，流速为 1.0
mL/min，检测波长为238 nm（罂粟碱）、216 nm（吗啡、可待因、那可丁、蒂巴因），柱温为20 ℃，进样量为10 µL。使用《中药色谱指
纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012版）》建立15批罂粟壳药材样品的HPLC指纹图谱并进行相似度评价，结合混合对照品图谱确定共
有峰；同法测定罂粟壳中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁等5个成分的含量。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行聚类分析。结果：15
批罂粟壳药材样品中共有13个共有峰，相似度均大于0.99；共指认了5个色谱峰，分别为吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁。
聚类分析结果显示，15批罂粟壳药材样品可聚为两类，S1～S7为聚为一类，S8～S15聚为一类，分属2个地市。吗啡等5个成分检
测质量浓度的线性范围分别为10.21～102.10、10.43～104.30、1.54～30.70、2.36～47.28、2.32～57.90 μg/mL（r均大于0.998）；精密
度、稳定性（24 h）、重复性试验的 RSD 均小于 2％；平均加样回收率分别为 99.46％（RSD＝1.08％，n＝6）、97.84％（RSD＝1.55％，
n＝6）、91.10％（RSD＝1.74％，n＝6）、96.43％（RSD＝1.25％，n＝6）、94.82％（RSD＝1.20％，n＝6）；含量分别为 2.342 9～4.082 2、
0.430 4～0.889 7、0.055 2～0.090 4、0.299 3～0.558 8、0.343 2～0.656 2 mg/g。结论：所建 HPLC 指纹图谱及含量测定方法简便可
行、灵敏准确，结合聚类分析能较好地反映罂粟壳药材中化学成分的特征及内在质量；虽然不同地市产罂粟壳有区划特征，但质量
基本稳定。
关键词 罂粟壳；指纹图谱；聚类分析；含量测定；高效液相色谱法

Establishment of HPLC Fingerprint and Content Determination of 5 Components in Papaveris Pericarpium
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ZHANG Xiaoping ，SHI Xiaofeng ，ZHANG Hongyan ，ZHU Renyuan ，ZHANG Caixia（1. Lanzhou Institute
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for Food and Drug Control，Lanzhou 730050，China；2. Gansu Academy of Medical Sciences，Lanzhou
730050，China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE： To establish the fingerprint of Papaveris Pericarpium， and to determine the contents of 5
components，such as morphine，codeine，thebaine，papaverine and narcotine. METHODS：HPLC method was adopted. The
determination was performed on a Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted methanol-sodium
heptanesulfonate with gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength were set at 238 nm（papaverine）
and 216 nm（morphine，codeine，narcotine，thebaine）. The column temperature was 20 ℃，and sample size was 10 µL. HPLC
fingerprints of 15 batches of Papaveris Pericarpium were established by using the Similarity Evaluation System of TCM
Chromatographic Fingerprints（2012 edition），and the common peaks were determined in combination with the spectra of mixed
control. The contents of morphine，codeine，thebaine，papaverine and narcotine were determined simultaneously by the same
method. The cluster analysis was conducted by using SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS：There were 13 common peaks in 15 batches
of Papaveris Pericarpium，and the similarity was greater than 0.99. Five chromatographic peaks were identified，which were
morphine，codeine，thebaine，papaverine and narcotin. The results of cluster analysis showed that 15 batches of Papaveris
Pericarpium could be clustered into two categories，S1-S7 and S8-S15，belonging to two cities. The linear ranges of five
components were 10.21-102.10，10.43-104.30，1.54-30.70，2.36-47.28，2.32-57.90 μg/mL，respectively（all r＞0.998）. RSDs of
precision，stability（24 h）and repeatability tests were all less than 2％. The average recoveries were 99.46％（RSD＝1.08％，n＝
6），97.84％（RSD＝1.55％，n＝6），91.10％（RSD＝1.74％，n＝6），96.43％（RSD＝1.25％，n＝6）、94.82％（RSD＝1.20％，n＝6），
respectively. The contents of 5 components were 2.342 9-4.082 2，0.430 4-0.889 7，0.055 2-0.090 4，0.299 3-0.558 8，0.343 2-
0.656 2 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS：The established HPLC fingerprint and content determination method is simple，feasible，sensitive
and accurate. It combined with the cluster analysis could reflect characteristics and internal quality of chemical components in
Papaveris Pericarpium. Papaveris Pericarpium in different
Δ 基金项目：兰州市科技计划项目（No.2019-1-63）
cities possess regionalization characteristics，but its quality is
＊主管中药师，硕士。研究方向：中药质量标准与中药检测技
basically stable.
术。电话：0931-2312648。E-mail：187253373@qq.com
KEYWORDS Papaveris Pericarpium；Fingerprint；Clustering
# 通信作者：主任药师，博士生导师。研究方向：天然药物化学与
中药质量标准。电话：0931-2302664。E-mail：shixiaofeng2005@sina.com analysis；Content determination；HPLC

中国药房 2021年第32卷第22期 China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 22 ·2755 ·