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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of pharmaceutical management intervention on the use of TCM injection in
primary medical institutions. METHODS:Twenty grass-roots health centers in Yichun city,Jiangxi province were randomly
selected. Relying on Department of Pharmacy and Health Services of the Municipal Health Committee and the Quality Control
Center for Pharmacy Affairs of the City,Yichun People’s Hospital took the lead in establishing the prescription evaluation criteria
for TCM injection,training pharmaceutical service skills,conducting special reviews on prescriptions/medical orders,improving
control measures,obtaining relevant data of drug use in primary health centers by issuing questionnaires on the use of TCM
injection and randomly selecting prescriptions/medical orders for comments. The relevant data without drug administration(before
intervention)from Jan. to Jun. 2018 were taken as the non-intervention group,and the relevant data with drug administration(after
intervention)from Jan. to Jun. 2019 were taken as the intervention group. The use of TCM medicine injection,DDDs,DDC and
sequencing ratio were compared before and after intervention. At the same time,the prescriptions/medical orders of TCM injections
before(1 222 copies)and after(1005 copies)intervention were randomly selected for comment and the reasonable situations of
the prescriptions/medical orders were compared before and after the intervention. RESULTS:After intervention,total amount,
consumption sum and DDDs of top 10 TCM injections in the list of amount were significantly decreased. The reasonable rate of
prescriptions and medical orders was 48.04% before intervention, but increased to 70.65% after intervention. Besides,
unreasonable situations before and after intervention all manifested as inappropriate indications. After the intervention, the
unreasonable rates of Xuesaitong powder for injection (lyophilized), Xueshuantong injection, Xingnaojing injection (two
specifications),Shengmai injection,Xueshuantong for injection(lyophilized)and Qingkailing injection were significantly lower
than before intevention(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Pharmaceutical administration intervention can reduce the total amount and
the consumption sun of TCM injection in primary medical institutions,and promote rational drug use in the clinic.
KEYWORDS Pharmaceutical administration;Primary medical institutions;TCM injection;Rationality evaluation;Prescription
comment
中药注射剂是以中医药理论为指导,采用现代科学 中心,通过调查表随机收集宜春市 20 个基层卫生院
技术将中药或天然药物中提取的有效物质制成可供注 2018 年 1-6 月、2019 年 1-6 月期间中药注射剂使用的
入体内使用的灭菌制剂及浓缩液,在急重及疑难病例治 相关资料,所有中药注射剂按照上半年使用总量的高低
[1]
疗中发挥着独特作用 。然而,近年来随着其广泛使用, 进行排序,记录 2018 年 1-6 月使用量排名前 10 位的中
不良反应频见报道。据《国家药品不良反应监测年度报 药注射剂的名称、规格,比较上述中药注射剂品种干预
告(2017年)》显示,中药注射剂是中药不良发应的“重灾 前后的使用总量、销售金额及其处方和医嘱的合理性情
区”,其中静脉注射给药致严重不良反应/事件的报告占 况;将2018年1-6月基层卫生院未进行药事管理(干预
[2]
比高达 84.1%,引起了社会的广泛关注 。卫生部等多 前)的相关资料作为未干预组,2019年1-6月进行药事
部委于2008年联合发布了《关于进一步加强中药注射液 管理(干预后)的相关资料作为干预组。
生产和临床使用管理的通知》(卫医政发〔2008〕71 号), 1.2 方法
要求医疗机构要加强对中药注射剂临床使用的管理,临 1.2.1 药事管理干预 (1)建立常用中药注射剂临床使
床药师要加强对中药注射剂临床使用的指导,确保用药 用手册,每个基层卫生院拟定常用品种的评价标准,内
[3]
安全 。然而在实际临床工作中,基层医疗机构往往对 容包括西医适应证、中医辨证、用法用量、用药疗程、注
药事管理重视不足,对中药注射剂临床使用的信息更新 意事项、配伍禁忌以及相互作用;然后由宜春市人民医
落后,且缺乏专业的中药人才来促进合理用药工作的开 院(简称“我院”)临床药师进行汇总编制,并由宜春市卫
展,使得中药注射剂的临床使用存在很多问题 。基于 生健康委药政科、宜春市药事质控中心和基层卫生院的
[4]
此,本研究组对江西省宜春市20家基层医疗机构的中药 药事管理主任进行可行性讨论,最终确定统一的处方评
注射剂临床使用进行药事管理干预,并分析比较干预前 价标准。评价标准参照药品说明书、《中国药典》《中成
后中药注射剂的使用总量、销售金额、用药频度(DDDs) 药临床应用指导原则》、卫生行政主管部门颁布的诊疗
等指标以及处方合理性情况,以促进该类药物的合理 指南和国家药品监督管理局定期发布的合理用药通报、
使用。 相关专著和专家共识等 。(2)加强药学服务技能培训与
[5]
1 资料与方法 交流,由基层卫生院安排药师到我院进行处方审核的培
1.1 资料来源 训,提高药师的处方审核技能;运用微信建立药师培训
依托宜春市卫生健康委药政科和宜春市药事质控 与交流平台,对实践中的各种技术问题进行实时分析,
中国药房 2021年第32卷第12期 China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 12 ·1527 ·