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止得咳颗粒提取工艺的优化                                Δ


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        梁 洁    1,2* ,陈辉华 ,徐 晖 ,谢谭芳 ,祁 静 ,信晨曦 ,陈日兰 ,赵立春 (1.广西中医药大学药学院,南宁
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        530200;2.广西壮瑶药工程技术研究中心,南宁 530200;3.广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院院办,南宁 530011)
        中图分类号 R285.5;R284.2         文献标志码 A          文章编号     1001-0408(2021)07-0832-07
        DOI   10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.07.11
        摘   要   目的:优化止得咳颗粒的提取工艺。方法:采用小鼠氨水引咳实验和二甲苯致耳肿胀实验初步筛选止得咳颗粒的提取方
        法(水提、醇提、水提醇沉法)。基于该方的制备路线,首先以吸水量为指标,考察含挥发油药材的浸泡时间;再并以挥发油得率为
        指标,采用单因素试验考察加水量和提取时间,筛选含挥发油药材的最优提取工艺。以次野鸢尾黄素和总黄酮含量为指标,在单
        因素考察的基础上,采取正交试验考察加水量、提取时间、提取次数等3个因素的影响,优化止得咳颗粒的水提工艺并验证。结
        果:药效学实验结果显示,水提物低、高剂量组(6.34、12.68 g/kg,以生药量计)和水提醇沉提取物高剂量组(12.68 g/kg,以生药量
        计)小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期均较模型组显著延长,2 min内咳嗽次数显著减少(P<0.05或P<0.01);水提物低、高剂量组(6.34、12.68 g/kg,
        以生药量计),醇提物高剂量组(12.68 g生药/kg,以生药量计)和水提醇沉提取物高剂量组(12.68 g/kg,以生药量计)小鼠的耳肿胀
        度均较模型组显著降低(P<0.05 或 P<0.01),水提物、醇提物和水提醇沉提取物低、高剂量组的肿胀抑制率分别为 42.26%、
        55.08%、33.49%、51.56%、39.57%、44.36%,表明以水提法所得提取物的止咳、抗炎效果更优。含挥发油药材的最优提取工艺为
        加入5倍量水,浸泡30 min,提取3 h。最佳水提工艺为加入12倍量水,浸泡50 min后提取3次,每次1.0 h;3次验证试验结果显示,
        最优工艺所得提取物中次野鸢尾黄素的平均含量为 76.47 μg/g(RSD=2.15%,n=3),总黄酮的平均含量为 92.45 mg/g(RSD=
        0.48%,n=3)。结论:优化的止得咳颗粒提取工艺稳定、可行。
        关键词 止得咳颗粒;药效学;正交试验;提取工艺

        Optimization of the Extraction Technology of Zhideke Granules
        LIANG Jie ,CHEN Huihua ,XU Hui ,XIE Tanfang ,QI Jing ,XIN Chenxi ,CHEN Rilan ,ZHAO Lichun         1,2
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        (1. College of Pharmacy,Guangxi University of TCM,Nanning 530200,China;2. Guangxi Center of Zhuang
        Yao Medicine Engineering and Technology Research,Nanning 530200,China;3. Hospital Administration
        Office,Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of TCM,Nanning 530011,China)
        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of Zhideke granules. METHODS:The extraction technology
        (water extraction,alcohol extraction,water extraction and ethanol precipitation) of Zhideke granules was initially screened by
        ammonia-induced cough experiment and xylene-induced ear swelling experiment in mice. Based on its preparation route,the
        immersion time of medicinal materials containing volatile oil was investigated with water absorption as index firstly. The single
        factor test was adopted to investigate the amount of water added and the extraction time taking the volatile oil yield as index to
        optimize the extraction technology of medicinal materials containing volatile oil. Taking the contents of irisflorentin and total
        flavonoids as indicators,on the basis of single factor investigation,orthogonal test was adopted to examine the influence of three
        factors including the amount of water added,extraction time and extraction frequency,so as to optimize the water extraction
        technology of Zhideke granules and the validation tests were conducted. RESULTS:The results of pharmacodynamics experiment
        showed that the cough latency of mice in water extract low-dose and high-dose groups(6.34,12.68 g/kg,by crude drug)and
        water-extraction alcohol-precipitation extract high-dose group(12.68 g/kg,by crude drug)were significantly longer than those in
                                                            model group,and the number of cough within 2 minutes was
            Δ 基 金 项 目 :广 西 创 新 驱 动 发 展 专 项 资 金 项 目(No. 桂 科
        AA17202046);广西高等学校千名中青年骨干教师培育计划(No.桂教               significantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with
        人〔2019〕5号);广西一流学科建设名单(No.桂教科研〔2018〕12号);广           model group, the ear swelling of mice in water extract
        西壮瑶药协同创新中心(No.桂教科研〔2013〕20 号);广西壮瑶药重点               low-dose and high-dose groups (6.34,12.68 g/kg,by crude
        实验室培育基地(No.桂科基字〔2014〕32 号);广西高等学校高水平创               drug),ethanol extract high-dose group(12.68 g/kg,by crude
        新团队及卓越学者计划项目(No.桂教师范〔2019〕52 号);广西第八批               drug) and water-extraction alcohol-precipitation extract high-
        自治区特聘专家项目(No.桂人才通字〔2019〕13 号);广西中医药大学               dose group (12.68 g/kg, by crude drug) were decreased
        “岐黄工程”高层次人才团队培育项目(No.2018002)
                                                            significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The swelling inhibition
            *教授,博士。研究方向:中药药效物质基础与质量控制。电话:
                                                            rates were 42.26%,55.08%,33.49%,51.56%,39.57% and
        0771-4953513。E-mail:liangjie1101@126.com
                                                            44.36% in low-dose and high-dose groups of water extract,
            # 通信作者:研究员,博士。研究方向:中药民族药化学成分及药
                                                            alcohol extract, water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation
        理活性。电话:0771-4953513。E-mail:hyzlc@126.com
        ·832 ·  China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 7                                    中国药房    2021年第32卷第7期
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