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Effects of Rabeprazole on the Pharmacokinetics of Clopidogrel and Its Active Metabolite in Healthy
Volunteers with Different CYP2C19 Genotypes
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YE Genying ,HE Ruirong ,LIANG Shuzhen ,ZHOU Guoxiang ,DING Shaobo (1. Dept. of Pharmacy,
Dongguan People’s Hospital,Guangdong Dongguan 523000,China;2. Cardiovascular Department,Dongguan
People’s Hospital,Guangdong Dongguan 523000,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of rabeprazole on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of clopidogrel and its
active metabolite in healthy volunteers with different CYP2C19 genotypes. METHODS:Healthy volunteers were selected as
subjects,and then randomly divided into extensive metabolizer (EM) group,intermediate metabolizer (IM) group,and poor
metabolizer (PM) group with 8 subjects in each group,according to their CYP2C19 genotypes by random number table. In
single-dose,randomized,open,two-cycle-crossover design,each group was given Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets 300 mg or
Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets 300 mg + Rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets 20 mg. UPLC-MS/MS method was adopted to
detect the concentration of clopidogrel and its active metabolite derivative (MP-H4). The pharmacokinetic parameters were
calculated and compared by DAS 2.0 software. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in clinical data as age,height,
body weight,liver enzymes and serum creatinine among 3 kinds of metabolism subjects (P>0.05). Compared with subjects
receiving clopidogrel alone,cmax and AUC0-t of clopidogrel of subjects combined with rabeprazole in EM group were increased by
36% and 27%,while those of MP-H4 were decreased by 34% and 28%(P<0.01);cmax and AUC0 - t of clopidogrel of subjects
combined with rabeprazole in IM group were increased by 19% and 18%,while those of MP-H4 were decreased by 19% and 16%
(P<0.05 or P<0.01);there was no statistical significance in cmax and AUC0 - t of clopidogrel and MP-H4 in PM group after
receiving rabeprazole additionally as well as tmax of clopidogrel and MP-H4 in all metablism subjects,compared with clopidogrel
alone(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Among CYP2C19 EM and IM subjects,combined use of rabeprazole can significantly increase
the exposure of clopidogrel and decrease the exposure of its active metabolite MP-H4,but has no significant impact on clopidogrel
and its active metabolite in CYP2C19 PM subjects.
KEYWORDS Clopidogrel;Active motabolite;Rabeprazole;CYP2C19;Genotype;Pharmacokinetics;Drug interaction
目前,我国心血管病患病率和病死率不断上升,估 1 材料
计我国冠心病现患病人数约 1 100 万,已成为重大的公 1.1 主要仪器
[1]
共卫生问题 。氯吡格雷是冠心病患者的一线抗血小板 本研究所用主要仪器包括 LC-20AB 型高效液相色
药物,在临床应用广泛,且氯吡格雷和阿司匹林双联抗 谱仪(日本 Shimadzu 公司)、API 4000 型质谱仪(美国
血小板治疗是急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的标准治疗 AB SCIEX公司)、ABI 7500型实时荧光定量聚合酶链式
方案 [2-3] ;此外,临床上常推荐联用质子泵抑制剂(PPIs) 反 应(PCR)仪(美 国 Thermo Fisher Scientific 公 司)、
以预防和/或降低双联抗血小板治疗引起的胃肠道不良 5424R型高速冷冻离心机(德国Eppendorf公司)等。
[4]
反应 。有研究指出,联用 PPIs 可减少双联抗血小板治 1.2 主要药品与试剂
[5]
疗中 50%的胃肠道出血风险 。有研究指出,氯吡格雷 硫酸氢氯吡格雷片[国药准字 H20123116,批号
主要经细胞色素 P450 (CYP)2C19 和 CYP3A4 酶代谢,生 B190602A2,规格 75 mg(以 C16H16ClNO2S 计)]购自乐普
成具有抗血小板作用的硫醇代谢物 H4(MP-H4) [6-8] ;而 药业股份有限公司;雷贝拉唑钠肠溶片(国药准字
多数PPIs也经上述CYP酶代谢且对CYP2C19酶有不同 H20080125,批号 20190610,规格 20 mg)购自晋城海斯
程度的抑制作用 ,因此联用PPIs可能会抑制MP-H4的 制 药 有 限 公 司 ;硫 酸 氢 氯 吡 格 雷 对 照 品(批 号
[9]
生成,从而对氯吡格雷的体内代谢过程造成影响。国内 100819-201906,纯度≥99%)和卡马西平对照品(批号
外学者研究并报道了雷贝拉唑对氯吡格雷代谢及其抗 100142-201706,纯度 100%)均购自中国食品药品检定
血小板作用的影响 [10-12] ,但结果并不一致,同时尚缺乏 研究院;MP-H4 对照品(批号 5-MNZ-188-22,纯度≥
有关雷贝拉唑对不同 CYP2C19 基因型携带者氯吡格雷 99%)购自加拿大 Toronto Research Chemicals 公司;2-
体内代谢影响的研究报道。为此,本研究拟采用两周期 溴-3′-甲氧基苯乙酮(MPB,批号 101522615,纯度≥
的交叉试验来探究雷贝拉唑对不同 CYP2C19 基因型健 98%)购自美国 Sigma-Aldrich 公司;人类 CYP2C19 基因
康志愿者体内氯吡格雷及其活性代谢物药动学特征的 检测试剂盒(批号 19112310)购自武汉友芝友医疗科技
影响,旨在为临床合理用药提供参考。 股份有限公司;血液基因组 DNA 提取试剂盒(批号
·602 · China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 5 中国药房 2021年第32卷第5期