Page 100 - 《中国药房》2021年第1期
P. 100

在大脑皮层和海马通路中发挥重要作用。NMDA 受体                           [ 7 ]  JONES R,SHEEHAN B,PHILLIPS P,et al. DOMINO-
        激活后可使钙离子流入突触后神经元,并触发突触可塑                                 AD protocol:donepezil and memantine in moderate to se-
        性的重要通路       [20-24] 。然而,人们认为NMDA受体过度激                   vere Alzheimer’s disease:a multicentre RCT[J]. Trials,
        活后可能通过慢性“兴奋性毒性”导致神经退化和突触                                 2009. DOI:10.1186/1745-6215-10-57.
                 [25]
        功能丧失 。美金刚作为一种非竞争性 NMDA 受体拮                          [ 8 ]  HARTZ S,GETSIOS D,TAO S,et al. Evaluating the cost
                                                                 effectiveness of donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer’s
        抗剂,具有适度的结合亲和力,可阻断高氨基酸水平带
                                                                 disease in Germany using discrete event simulation[J].
        来的神经元损伤,提高对神经细胞的保护作用,进而抑
                                                                 BMC Neurol,2012. DOI:10.1186/1471-2377-12-2.
                                 [26]
        制疾病进展,达到治疗效果 。相关动物实验研究发
                                                            [ 9 ]  DOU KX,TAN MS,TAN CC,et al. Comparative safety
        现,多奈呱齐和美金刚联用对改善 AD 模型小鼠的空间
                                                                 and effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and meman-
                          [23]
        记忆功能有协同作用 。                                              tine for Alzheimer’s disease:a network meta-analysis of
            MoCA量表是快速筛查认知功能障碍的评定工具,                              41 randomized controlled trials[J]. Alzheimers Res Ther,
        尤其对轻度认知功能障碍的筛查比较敏感                   [3,11] 。MMSE        2018. DOI:10.1186/s13195-018-0457-9.
        量表是国际上痴呆筛查的首选量表,可以快速、准确地                            [10]  HOWARD R,MCSHANE R,LINDESAY L,et al. Done-
        反映患者的认知功能损伤程度 。ADL量表不仅能够反                                pezil and memantine for moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s
                                  [8]
        映患者的基本生活能力,还可以及时反映患者病情变化                                 disease[J]. N Engl J Med,2012,366(10):893-903.
             [12]
        情况 。因此,本研究通过比较 MoCA、MMSE 和 ADL                      [11]  王梅平.美金刚联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗阿尔茨海默病伴
        评分来及时评估患者的治疗情况。结果显示,与对照组                                 精神行为症状的临床效果观察[J].中国综合临床,2017,
        比较,治疗组患者的MoCA、MMSE、ADL评分以及总有                             33(2):126-130.
        效率均显著提高,表明多奈哌齐联合美金刚相较于多奈                            [12]  HOWARD R,PHILLIPS P,JOHNSON T,et al. Determi-
                                                                 ning the minimum clinically important differences for out-
        哌齐单用对 AD 患者具有更好的临床疗效。此外,治疗
                                                                 comes in the DOMINO trial[J]. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry,
        组 患 者 不 良 反 应 发 生 率 显 著 低 于 对 照 组(28% vs.
                                                                 2011,26(8):812-817.
        12%),这表明多奈哌齐联合美金刚对于AD患者具有较
                                                            [13]  崔凯,张勤,陈淅泠.多奈哌齐联合盐酸美金刚治疗阿尔
        好的安全性。
                                                                 茨海默病的临床疗效[J].中国老年学杂志,2019,39(4):
            综上所述,多奈哌齐联合美金刚相较于多奈哌齐单                               868-870.
        用治疗中、重度AD患者具有更好的临床疗效,更有助于                           [14]  DEARDORFF WJ,GROSSBERG GT. A fixed-dose com-
        改善患者的认知功能,且安全性较高。                                        bination of memantine extended-release and donepezil in
        参考文献                                                     the treatment of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s dis-
        [ 1 ]  ARAKI T,WAKE R,MIYAOKA T,et al. The effects of    ease[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther,2016. DOI:10.2147/dddt.
             combine treatment of memantine and donepezil on Al-  s86463.
             zheimer’s disease patients and its relationship with cere-  [15]  KOOLA MM,NIKIFORUK A,PILLAI A,et al. Galan-
             bral blood flow in the prefrontal area[J]. Int J Geriatr Psy-  tamine-memantine combination superior to donepezil-me-
             chiatry,2014,29(9):881-889.                         mantine combination in Alzheimer’s disease:critical dis-
        [ 2 ]  JACK CR,BENNETT DA,BLENNOW K,et al. NIA-          section with an emphasis on kynurenic acid and mismatch
             AA research framework:toward a biological definition of  negativity[J]. J Geriatr Care Res,2018,5(2):57-67.
             Alzheimer’s disease[J]. Alzheimers Dement,2018,14  [16]  KORABECNY J,SPILOVSKA K,MEZEIOVA E,et al. A
             (4):535-562.                                        systematic review on donepezil-based derivatives as po-
        [ 3 ]  GAUTHIER S ,MOLINUEVO JL. Benefits of combined    tential cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease[J].
             cholinesterase inhibitor and memantine treatment in mo-  Curr Med Chem,2019,26(30):5625-5648.
             derate-severe Alzheimer’s disease[J]. Alzheimers De-  [17]  ZHANG N,WEI C,DU H,et al. The effect of memantine
             ment,2013,9(3):326-331.                             on cognitive function and behavioral and psychological
        [ 4 ]  GREIG SL. Memantine ER/donepezil:a review in Alzhei-  symptoms in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease pa-
             mer’s disease[J]. CNS Drugs,2015,29(11):963-970.    tients[J]. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord,2015. DOI:10.
        [ 5 ]  KHOURY R,RAJAMANICKAM J,GROSSBERG GT. An          1159/000430808.
             update on the safety of current therapies for Alzheimer’s  [18]  ZHANG N,GORDON ML. Clinical efficacy and safety of
             diseasec:focus on rivastigmine[J]. Ther Adv Drug Saf,  donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in Chi-
             2018,9(3):171-178.                                  nese patients[J]. Clin Interv Aging,2018. DOI:10.2147/
        [ 6 ]  KNAPP M,KING D,ROMEO R,et al. Cost-effectiveness  cia.s159920.
             of donepezil and memantine in moderate to severe Al-  [19]  ZEMEK F,DRTINOVA L,NEPOVIMOVA E,et al. Out-
             zheimer’s disease(the DOMINO-AD trial)[J]. Int J Ge-  comes of Alzheimer’s disease therapy with acetylcholines-
             riatr Psychiatry,2017,32(12):1205-1216.             terase inhibitors and memantine[J]. Expert Opin Drug Saf,


         ·90 ·  China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 1                                    中国药房    2021年第32卷第1期
   95   96   97   98   99   100   101   102   103   104   105