Page 44 - 《中国药房》2020年22期
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Study on the Protective Effects of Schisandrin A on Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in
Mice and Its Mechanism
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WANG Xiaohui ,ZHOU Lin ,DU Qiuzheng ,SHI Yingying ,JING Ziwei ,LIU Liwei ,ZHANG Jun ,LI
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Zhuolun ,JIA Xuedong ,CHU Yaojuan ,SUN Zhi ,ZUO Lihua ,KANG Jian ,ZHANG Xiaojian (1.
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Dept. of Ultrasonography,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;2.
Dept. of Pharmacy,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;3. Henan
Precision Medicine Clinical Mass Spectrometry Engineering Research Center,Zhengzhou 450052,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of schisandrin A(SA)on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model mice and
its mechanism. METHODS:Mice were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,silymarin group(positive
control,100 mg/kg),SA low-dose and high-dose groups(20,40 mg/kg),with 10 mice in each group. Except for blank control
group,other groups were given CCl4 subcutaneously to induce liver fibrosis model. After successful modeling,administration
groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 6 weeks;blank control group and model group
were given constant volume of 0.5%sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution intragastrically by the same way. HE staining was
used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue in mice. UV spectrophotometry and ELISA assay were adopted to detect the
serum levels of liver injury indexes(ALT and AST)and the contents of inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6). Western
blotting assay was used to detect the expression of NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/NF-κ B and TGF-β/Smad signaling
pathway protein. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,obvious pathological changes of liver fibrosis were observed in
model group. The serum levels of liver injury indexes and contents of inflammatory factors were significantly increased(P<0.01).
The expression of NLRP3,apoptosis associated spot-like protein,Caspase-1 and IL-1β,TGF-β 1 and ratios ofp-NF-κB p65/NF-κB
p65,p-IκBα/IκBα,p-Samd3/Smad3 were increased significantly(P<0.01). Compared with model group,SA could significantly
relieve hepatic fibrosis in mice,reduce serum levels of liver injury indexes and contents of inflammatory factors,as well as the
expression of NLRP3/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway protein and phosphorylation level(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:
SA can effectively relieve liver injury and inflammation of CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis model mice,which may be through the
regulation of NLRP3/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathways,thus inhibiting the process of liver fibrosis.
KEYWORDS Liver fibrosis;Schisandrin A;NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway;TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway;Mice
肝纤维化是由各种致病因子所致肝内结缔组织异 取物(SA 是其中重要组成部分)可通过抑制 Smad 信号
常增生的一种病理生理过程,后期会继续发展成为肝硬 转导通路从而降低转化生长因子β(TGF-β)介导的α-平
化,是目前威胁人类生命健康的重要疾病之一 [1-2] 。肝纤 滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的异常升高,最终起到抑制血管
[10]
维化的主要发生机制是由于肝组织内细胞外基质 平滑肌细胞应激纤维形成和细胞迁移的作用 。由于
(ECM)的超速合成与缓慢降解,最终导致 ECM 在肝内 TGF-β能够调控其下游的Smad信号通路蛋白,刺激其磷
的过度沉积,这也是各种肝损伤类疾病发生、发展过程 酸化过程从而介导 ECM 的合成与聚集,这与病理性纤
[11]
的共有病理学基础 。 维化过程密切相关 ,因此 SA 也可能通过该信号通
[3]
中药五味子是木兰科植物五味子 Schisandra chi- 路发挥抗纤维化作用。以上研究提示,肝纤维化与
nensis(Turcz.)Baill 或华中五味子 Schisandra sphenan- NLRP3/NF-κB和TGF-β/Smad信号通路密切相关,而SA
thera Rehd. et Wils.的干燥成熟果实,具有益气滋肾、生 是否可以通过干预以上信号通路从而发挥抗纤维化的
津敛汗、宁心安神及涩精止泻等功效,其主要有效成分 作用,目前尚未有相关报道。因此,本研究采用经典的
为五味子甲素(Schisandrin A,SA)、五味子乙素、五味子 四氯化碳(CCl4 )诱导法建立小鼠肝纤维化模型,并基于
醇甲、五味子酚等 。现代药理研究表明,SA 具有明显 NLRP3/NF-κB 和 TGF-β/Smad 信号通路,深入挖掘 SA
[4]
的抗肝纤维化作用,然而其具体作用机制目前尚不明 对小鼠肝纤维化的影响及其相关机制,为中药有效成分
确 [5-6] 。邱宏涛等 基于网络药理学手段预测并验证了五 治疗肝纤维化提供研究思路和实验基础。
[7]
味子的主要成分 SA 具有显著的抗炎作用,并能显著降 1 材料
低小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7中炎性因子如肿瘤坏死 1.1 仪器
因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素 1β(IL-1β)、IL-6 的分泌水 ME104E 型分析天平(瑞士 Mettler Toledo 公司);
平。有研究报道,SA 可抑制小鼠骨髓来源巨噬细胞中 Heraeus Fresco 17 Centrifuge 型微量冷冻离心机(美国
NOD 样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎性小体的活性,而核因子 Thermo Fisher Scientific 公司);DYY-6C 型电泳仪(北京
κB(NF-κB)依赖的 NLRP3 炎性小体作为宿主免疫防御 市六一仪器厂公司);SpectraMax i3x 型多功能酶标仪
系统的重要组成部分,主要参与体内的炎症反应,是肝 (美国 Molecular Devices 公司);RT-6000 型酶标分析仪
纤维化形成的重要信号通路 [8-9] 。有研究发现,五味子提 (深圳雷杜生命科学股份有限公司);ECLIPSE Ti2 型倒
·2726 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 22 中国药房 2020年第31卷第22期