Page 86 - 2020年20期

基于化学模式识别及多指标定量分析比较诃子和西青果的差异 Δ

索彩仙 ，邱韵静，吴文平，孙冬梅，李秀枝，潘礼业，李国卫（广东一方制药有限公司/广东省中药配方颗粒企业
#
＊
重点实验室，广东 佛山 528244）

中图分类号 R282；R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2020）20-2512-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.20.15

摘 要 目的：为鉴别诃子和西青果提供参考。方法：采用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）法。色谱柱为Waters Cortecs T3 C18，流动相为
乙腈-0.2％磷酸水溶液（梯度洗脱），流速为0.35 mL/min，柱温为30 ℃，检测波长为270 nm，进样量为1 μL。以没食子酸为参照，采
用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012版）》建立17批诃子和14批西青果药材的指纹图谱并进行相似度评价；通过与对照
品、紫外吸收光谱和相关文献对比，指认共有峰。采用SPSS 20.0、SIMCA 14.1软件进行主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘法-判别
分析（PLS-DA）以筛选主要差异成分；采用上述UPLC法测定诃子和西青果中主要差异成分的含量并比较。结果：诃子和西青果
的UPLC指纹图谱中均有共有峰8个，指认峰1、2、3、4、6、7、8分别为诃子次酸、没食子酸、安石榴苷A、安石榴苷B、柯里拉京、诃子
鞣酸、诃子酸；17批诃子的相似度为0.92～0.99，14批西青果的相似度均大于0.99，诃子对照指纹图谱与西青果对照指纹图谱的相
似度为0.909。PCA显示，诃子与西青果存在一定差异；PLS-DA结果与PCA结果一致，其模型的变量重要性投影（VIP）值显示，峰
5、4、7、3、2的VIP值均大于1。31批样品中，没食子酸（峰2）、安石榴苷A（峰3）、安石榴苷B（峰4）、诃子鞣酸（峰7）的含量分别为
2.63～10.31、5.37～44.63、8.02～60.77、44.07～162.98 mg/g，RSD 分别为 40.14％、47.91％、53.97％、36.22％（n＝31）。诃子和西青
果中上述4个成分组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：诃子和西青果存在明显差异，没食子酸、安石榴苷A、安石榴苷
B、诃子鞣酸可作为鉴别二者的主要差异成分。
关键词 诃子；西青果；化学模式识别；多指标定量分析；主成分分析；偏最小二乘-判别分析；差异

Comparison of Component Differences in Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus Based on
Chemical Pattern Recognition and Multi-index Quantitative Analysis
SUO Caixian，QIU Yunjing，WU Wenping，SUN Dongmei，LI Xiuzhi，PAN Liye，LI Guowei（Guangdong Yifang
Pharmaceutical Co.， Ltd./Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula
Granule Enterprise，Guangdong Foshan 528244，China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the identification of Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus.
METHODS：UPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters Cortecs T3 C18 column with mobile phase
consisted of acetonitrile-0.2％ phosphoric acid solution（gradient elution）at the flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. The column temperature
was 30 ℃，and the detection wavelength was set at 270 nm. The sample size was 1 μL. Using gallic acid as reference，UPLC
fingerprints of 17 batches of Chebulae Fructus and 14 batches of Chebulae Fructus Immaturus were established and their similarity
was evaluated by TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System（2012 edition）. By comparing substance control，
UV absorption spectrum and related literaturs，common peaks were identified. PCA and PLS-DA were performed by using SPSS
20.0 and SIMCA 14.1 software. The contents of main difference components in Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus
were determined by above UPLC method and compared. RESULTS：There were 8 common peaks in UPLC fingerprint of Chebulae
Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus，i.e. chebulic acid（peak 1），gallic acid（peak 2），punicalagin A（peak 3），punicalagin B
（peak 4），corilagin（peak 6），chebulagic acid（peak 7）and chebulinic acid（peak 8）. The similarities of 17 batches of Chebulae
Fructus were from 0.92 to 0.99，while 14 batches of Chebulae Fructus Immaturus were all above 0.99. The similarity of control
fingerprint between Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus was 0.909. PCA demonstrated the differences between
Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus. The results of PLS-DA were consistent with those of PCA，and the variable
importance in projection（VIP）values of peak 5，4，7，3 and 2 were above 1 in the PLS-DA model. In 31 batches of samples，the
contents of gallic acid（peak 2），punicalagin A（peak 3），punicalagin B（peak 4）and chebulagic acid（peak 7）were 2.63-10.31，
5.37-44.63，8.02-60.77，44.07-162.98 mg/g；RSDs were 40.14％，
Δ 基金项目：广东省省级科技计划项目（科技基础条件建设领域）
47.91％ ，53.97％ ， 36.22％（n＝31）. There was statistical
（No.2018B030323004）；佛山市科技创新项目（科技成果转移转化体系
significance in the differences of the mentioned 4 components
建设）（No.FSOAA-KJ418-1301-0053）
＊学士。研究方向：中药配方颗粒质量标准研究。E-mail： between Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus
719412818@qq.com （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：There are significant differences
# 通信作者：主管中药师，硕士。研究方向：中药配方颗粒质量标 between Chebulae Fructus and Chebulae Fructus Immaturus；
准研究。E-mail：452048107@qq.com gallic acid，punicalagin A，punicalagin B and chebulagic acid

·2512 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 20 中国药房 2020年第31卷第20期