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基于“增效-减毒”的附子盐制辅料的比较研究 Δ
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张存艳 ,刘红梅,魏蔼玲,袁明昊,郭 力,陈胡兰,叶 强(成都中医药大学药学院/西南道地药材协同创新中
心中药资源系统研究与开发利用国家重点实验室,成都 611137)
中图分类号 R917;R283.2 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2020)10-1223-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.10.13
摘 要 目的:比较生附子及其5种盐制炮制品中6种酯型生物碱成分的含量,为优化附子盐制工艺提供参考。方法:分别以胆
巴、氯化镁、氯化钠、氯化钙、氯化钾为辅料炮制生附子,并采用高效液相色谱法测定生附子及上述5种盐制炮制品中6种酯型生物
碱的含量;采用效/毒比、毒性成分指数评价生附子及其5种盐制炮制品的效果和毒性。结果:苯甲酰新乌头碱、苯甲酰次乌头碱、
苯甲酰乌头碱、新乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱检测质量浓度的线性范围分别为 2.440~24.40、2.240~22.40、2.020~20.20、2.780~
27.80、2.240~22.40、2.240~22.40 μg/mL(r≥0.999 0);精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的 RSD 均小于 2%;加样回收率分别为
102.13%~104.87%(RSD=0.98%,n=6)、100.00%~105.00%(RSD=2.02%,n=6)、95.00%~99.29%(RSD=1.77%,n=6)、
100.41%~104.58%(RSD=1.78%,n=6)、98.87%~99.90%(RSD=0.41%,n=6)、100.20%~104.00%(RSD=1.55%,n=6)。总
生物碱含量由高到低依次为生附子>氯化钠炮制品>胆巴炮制品>氯化钾炮制品>氯化钙炮制品>氯化镁炮制品。效/毒比由
大到小依次为氯化钾炮制品>氯化镁炮制品>氯化钠炮制品>氯化钙炮制品>胆巴炮制品>生附子;毒性成分指数由大到小依
次为生附子>氯化钠炮制品>胆巴炮制品>氯化钙炮制品>氯化钾炮制品>氯化镁炮制品。结论:以5种盐为辅料的炮制方法
均具有不同程度的“增效-减毒”功效,其中以氯化镁、氯化钾、氯化钙炮制效果为佳,可用于附子的炮制。
关键词 附子;盐制辅料;增效-减毒;高效液相色谱法;酯型生物碱;含量测定
Comparative Study on the Salt-processed Excipients for Aconite Based on “Efficacy Enhancing and
Toxicity Reducing”
ZHANG Cunyan,LIU Hongmei,WEI Ailing,YUAN Minghao,GUO Li,CHEN Hulan,YE Qiang(School of
Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM/State Key Laboratory of TCM Resource System Research and
Development Utilization,Southwest Genuine Medicinal Materials Collaborative Innovation Center,Chengdu
611137,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To compare the contents of 6 kinds of ester alkaloids in raw aconite and 5 kinds of salt-processed
products,and to provide reference for the optimization of salt-processing technology. METHODS:Processed with bittern,
magnesium chloride,sodium chloride,calcium chloride and potassium chloride as excipients,and HPLC method were adopted to
determine the contents of 6 kinds of ester alkaloids in raw aconite and 5 kinds of salt-processed products. The effect/toxicity ratio
and toxicity component index were used to evaluate the effect and toxicity of raw aconite and 5 kinds of salt-processed products.
RESULTS: The linear range of benzoylneoaconitine, benzoylhypoconitine, benzoylaconitine, neoaconitine, aconitine and
hypoconitine were 2.440-24.40,2.240-22.40,2.020-20.20,2.780-27.80,2.240-22.40,2.240-22.40 μg/mL(r≥0.999 0). RSDs of
precision,stability and repeatability tests were all less than 2%. The recovery rates were 102.13%-104.87%(RSD=0.98%,n=
6),100.00%-105.00%(RSD=2.02%,n=6),95.00%-99.29%(RSD=1.77%,n=6),100.41%-104.58%(RSD=1.78%,n=
6),98.87%-99.90%(RSD=0.41%,n=6),100.20%-104.00%(RSD=1.55,n=6),respectively. The contents of total alkaloids
in order from the largest to the smallest was as follows:raw aconite>processed products of sodium chloride>processed products
of bittern>processed products of potassium chloride>processed products of calcium chloride>processed products of magnesium
chloride. The order of effect/toxicity ratio was processed products of potassium chloride>processed products of magnesium
chloride>processed products of sodium chloride>processed products of calcium chloride>processed products of bittern>raw
aconite. The order of toxicity component index was raw aconite>processed products of sodium chloride>processed products of
bittern>processed products of calcium chloride>processed products of potassium chloride>processed products of magnesium
chloride. CONCLUSIONS:Using 5 kinds of salt as excipients,the processing technology has different degrees of“efficacy
enhancing and toxicity reducing”effect. Among them,magne-
Δ 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(No.2017YFC1701804);四川省
sium chloride,potassium chloride and calcium chloride are
青年科技创新研究项目(No.2017TD0001,No.2016TD0006)
better for processing and can be used for processing aconite.
*硕士研究生。研究方向:中药化学成分及质量标准。E-mail:
KEYWORDS Aconite; Salt-processed excipients; Efficacy
1940854767@qq.com
enhancing and toxicity reducing; HPLC; Ester alkaloid;
# 通信作者:副教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药化学成
Content determination
分及质量标准。E-mail:strongyeah@126.com
中国药房 2020年第31卷第10期 China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 10 ·1223 ·