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Quality Evaluation of Inflorescence of Coptis chinensis with Different Altitude,Growth Years and Drying
        Processing Methods Based on Comprehensive Score and Cluster Analysis
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        WU Lihua ,YANG Hui ,YANG Junli ,ZENG Qilu ,LIU Tao ,XU Yuling (1. Journal Center,Chengdu
        University,Chengdu 610106,China;2. College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering,Chengdu University,
        Chengdu 610106,China)
        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the quality of inflorescence of Coptis chinensis from different altitude with different
        growth years and drying processing methods,and to provide reference for its utilization and quality control. METHODS:The
        contents of total flavonoids and berberine hydrochloride in 24 batches of inflorescence of C. chinensis(S1-S24)from different
        altitude with different growth years and drying processing methods were determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC.
        Using the contents of total flavonoids and berberine hydrochloride as indexes,and taking the short drying time as the best,the
        weight ratios of total flavonoids content,berberine hydrochloride content and standardized value of drying time were 30,40 and
        30,respectively;comprehensive score was calculated,then the quality of 24 batches of samples was evaluated. Using the contents
        of total flavonoids and berberine hydrochloride as variables,systematic cluster analysis was performed for 24 batches of samples by
        using SPSS 19.0 statistical software. RESULTS:For inflorescence of C. chinensis with altitude about 1 200 m and the growing
        years of 4 years and above,the higher the comprehensive score(84-94 score)and the better the quality were. The comprehensive
        score of inflorescence of C. chinensis procesed by gradient drying method was generally higher than samples processed by other
        methods. Results of cluster analysis showed that S1-S4,S9,S10,S13-S18 were clustered into one category,and other 12 batches
        were clustered into one category, which were basically consistent with the results of comprehensive scoring method.
        CONCLUSIONS:Different altitude,different growth years and different drying processing methods have certain effects on the
        quality of inflorescence of C. chinensis,among which the samples processed by gradient drying method with growth altitude of
        1 200 m,growth years of 4 years and above are the best.
        KEYWORDS     Inflorescence of Coptis chinensis;Total flavonoids;Berberine hydrochloride;Altitude;Growth years;Drying
        processing methods;Comprehensive score;Cluster analysis


            黄连为毛茛科植物黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch.)、          1 材料
        三角叶黄连(C. deltoidea C. Y. Cheng et Hsiao)或云连        1.1  仪器
       (C. teeta Wall.)的干燥根茎,分别习称为“味连”“雅连”                     SQP型电子天平[赛多利斯科学仪器(北京)有限公
       “云连”,具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒的功效,主要用于治疗                          司];TU-1810型紫外-可见分光光度计(北京普析通用仪
                                  [1]
        湿热痞满、呕吐吞酸、泻痢等症 。黄连花薹是黄连的花                          器 有 限 责 任 公 司);iChromW5100 型 高 效 液 相 色 谱
        序。黄连为春季开花,其花为淡黄色,花瓣呈线形或披                           (HPLC)仪(大 连 依 利 特 分 析 仪 器 有 限 公 司);
        针形、顶端较尖、中央有蜜槽,雄蕊多数(约 20),花药长                       ZFD-A5140型鼓风干燥箱(上海智城分析仪器制造有限
        1 mm,花丝长2~5 mm,外轮雄蕊比花瓣略短或近等长,                      公司);KQ-100 型超声波清洗机(昆山市超声仪器有限
                                                           公司)。
        心皮 8~12,离生,有短柄,花柱微外弯             [2-4] 。黄连在移栽
                                                           1.2  药品与试剂
        后第2年春季开花,开花后会消耗植物大量养分,而摘除
                                                               盐 酸 小 檗 碱 对 照 品 [ 批 号 :wkq17112710,纯 度
        花薹能使黄连根茎增产,因此黄连生产基地除了会将少
                                                           (HPLC 法):≥98%]、芦丁对照品[批号:wkq18012501,
        数黄连花薹留种外,其余均摘除丢弃,造成了植物资源
                                                           纯度(HPLC法):≥98%]均购自四川省维克奇生物科技
        的浪费。近年来研究发现,黄连花薹含有大量的生物
                                                           有限公司;甲醇、乙腈为色谱纯,其余试剂均为分析纯,
        碱、黄酮和酚类活性物质,具有降血脂、降血糖、降血压、
                                                           水为纯净水。24 批黄连花薹主要采集于 6 个不同的黄
        抗氧化、促进排便和改善心肌缺血再灌注损伤等作
                                                           连种植基地,均为毛莨科植物黄连(C. chinensis Franch.)
        用 [5-6] ,为黄连花薹资源的综合开发和合理应用提供了新                     的花序,样品信息见表1。
        的发展方向。本研究采集了不同海拔、不同生长年限、                           2 方法与结果
        不同干燥加工方法的黄连花薹样品,对其主要有效成分                           2.1 不同产地黄连花薹的干燥加工方法
        总黄酮和盐酸小檗碱的含量进行测定;同时,结合综合                               第一法(恒温干燥法):将黄连花薹平铺于托盘上,
        评分以及聚类分析法,考察海拔、生长年限和干燥加工                           置于(60±5)℃干燥箱中干燥至水分含量低于13%。第
        方法对黄连花薹品质的影响,对黄连花薹的种植及产地                           二法(梯度干燥法):将黄连花薹平铺于托盘上,置于干
        加工方法等进行评价,为其开发利用及质量控制提供                            燥箱中,依次于(30±5)℃干燥 8 h、(40±5)℃干燥 8 h、
        参考。                                                (50±5)℃干燥 8 h、(60±5)℃干燥至水分含量低于


        中国药房    2020年第31卷第10期                                            China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 10  ·1213  ·
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