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非选择性β受体阻滞剂对肝硬化伴腹水患者死亡率影响的 Meta
分析 Δ
陈 肖 ,郑姣妮,何 瑶,阮 一,陈 杨,郑晓媛(重庆市第四人民医院药剂科,重庆 400014)
#
*
中图分类号 R575.2 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2020)08-1003-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.08.19
摘 要 目的:系统评价非选择性β受体阻滞剂(NSBB)对肝硬化伴腹水患者死亡率的影响,为临床用药提供循证参考。方法:计
算机检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库,收集关于NSBB对肝硬化伴腹水患者死亡率
影响的随机对照试验(RCT)和队列研究。试验组患者给予NSBB治疗,对照组患者给予空白对照或单硝酸异山梨酯、静脉曲张套
扎术等其他预防静脉曲张出血的措施。检索时限均为自建库起至2019年9月30日。筛选文献并提取资料,分别采用Cochrane 系
统评价手册5.1.0中推荐的偏倚风险评估工具和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评价RCT和队列研究的质量;采用Rev Man 5.3 统计软件对
两组患者的全因死亡率进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入18项研究,合计8 649例患者,其中4项为RCT、14项为队列研究。Meta分
析结果显示,使用 NSBB 的所有肝硬化伴腹水患者[RR=0.85,95%CI(0.65,1.11),P=0.22]、重度腹水患者[RR=0.58,95%CI
(0.15,2.22),P=0.42]或难治性腹水患者[RR=0.85,95%CI(0.61,1.20),P=0.36]的全因死亡率与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意
义。分别按研究方法(RCT vs.队列研究)和用药种类进行亚组分析,结果显示,使用NSBB的试验组患者的全因死亡率与对照组比较
差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:使用NSBB不会增加肝硬化伴腹水,甚至伴重度腹水或难治性腹水患者的全因死亡率。
关键词 非选择性β受体阻滞剂;肝硬化;腹水;死亡率;Meta分析
Effects of Non-selective β-blockers on Mortality of Patients with Cirrhosis and Ascites:A Meta-analysis
CHEN Xiao,ZHENG Jiaoni,HE Yao,RUAN Yi,CHEN Yang,ZHENG Xiaoyuan(Dept. of Pharmacy,
Chongqing Fourth People’s Hospital,Chongqing 400014,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the effects of non-selective β-blockers(NSBB)on mortality of patients
with cirrhosis and ascites,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug use. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,the
Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI and Wanfang database,randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and cohort studies
about the effects of NSBB on mortality of patients with cirrhosis and ascites were collected from the date of database establishment
to Sept. 30th,2019. The patients in the trial group were treated with NSBB,the patients in the control group were treated with
blank control or isosorbidemononitrate,variceal ligation or other measures to prevent variceal bleeding. After literature screening
and data extraction,the quality of RCTs and cohort studies were evaluated by using bias risk evaluation tool recommended by
Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.1.0 and Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical
software. RESULTS:Totally 18 studies were included,involving 8 649 patients,4 RCTs and 14 cohort studies. Results of
Meta-analysis showed that,there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the patients using NSBB of trial
group [RR=0.85,95% CI(0.65,1.11),P=0.22],severe ascites [RR=0.58,95% CI(0.15,2.22),P=0.42] or refractory
ascites [RR=0.85,95%CI(0.61,1.20),P=0.36] and the control group. Subgroup analysis showed that,there was no significant
difference in all-cause mortality between the patients using NSBB of trial group and control group according to the research method
(RCT vs. cohort study)and the type of drug use(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The use of NSBB does not increase the incidence
of all-cause mortality in cirrhosis patients with ascites,or even in those with severe ascites or refractory ascites.
KEYWORDS Non-selective β-blockers;Cirrhosis;Ascites;Mortality;Meta-analysis
肝硬化是一种常见的消化系统疾病,当患者出现静 NSBB)可通过降低心输出量、收缩内脏血管、减少高动
脉曲张出血、进展至肝硬化失代偿期时,病死率会显著 力循环而发挥降门静脉压力作用,可显著降低静脉曲张
[1]
升高 。门静脉高压是肝硬化患者静脉曲张出血的主要 出血的风险,国内外一线指南均推荐将NSBB用于静脉
原因。非选择性β受体阻滞剂(Non-selective β-blocker, 曲张出血的一级预防和二级预防 [2-3] 。然而,早期研究提
Δ 基金项目:重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(No.2018MSXM147) 示,NSBB 可能会对肝硬化伴腹水患者的血流动力学产
*主管药师。研究方向:临床药学、医院药学。E-mail:136143931@ 生不利的影响,与未使用 NSBB 治疗的腹水患者比较,
qq.com
NSBB 可降低伴难治性腹水的肝硬化患者的生存率 。
[4]
# 通信作者:副主任药师,硕士。研究方向:药理学、医院药学。
E-mail:thymolblue@163.com 近年来,有部分学者提出了不同看法,即 NSBB 的使用
中国药房 2020年第31卷第8期 China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 8 ·1003 ·