Page 37 - 2019年10月第30卷第19期
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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To determine and compare the contents of catalpol and aucubin in different parts(root,stem,leaf
and flower) of wild Centranthera grandiflora, and to provide reference for the selection of medicinal parts and source
development. METHODS:HPLC method was used to determine the contents of catalpol and aucubin in root,stem,leaf and
flower of wild C. grandiflora,and the contents of different parts were analyzed comparatively. The determination of catalpol was
performed on Agilent TC-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid(1 ∶ 99,V/V)at the flow rate
of 1 mL/min;the detection wavelength was set at 210 nm,and sample size was 20 µL. The column temperature was 35 ℃;the
determination of aucubin was performed on SPHERI-5RP-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(3 ∶ 97,V/V)
at the flow rate of 1 mL/min;the detection wavelength was set at 205 nm,and sample size was 20 µL;the column temperature
was 25 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of catalpol and aucubin were 0.061 5-3.321 and 0.000 36-0.216 mg/mL(all r=0.999 9).
The limits of detection were 0.016 and 0.007 µg/mL. The limits of quantitation were 0.052 and 0.023 µg/mL. RSDs of precision,
stability(24 h)and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.00%(n=6). The average recoveries were 99.34% and 99.61%,and
RSDs were 1.06% and 1.12% ,respectively (n=6). The average content of catalpol in root,stem,leaf and flower wild C.
grandiflora were 1.609,3.030,11.095 and 1.921 mg/g,respectively. The contents of aucubin in different parts were 0.441,0.020,
0.005 and 0.006 mg/g,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The established HPLC method meets the requirements of quantitative analysis.
Catalpol is mainly distributed in the leaves of wild C. grandiflora,and aucubin is mainly distributed in the roots of wild C.
grandiflora. The experimental conclusion provides a reference for the reasonable selection of different medicinal parts as raw
materials to develop medicine with different efficacy.
KEYWORDS Wild Centranthera grandiflora;Catalpol;Aucubin;HPLC;Medicinal part;Content determination
化血丹(Centranthera grandiflora Benth.)为玄参科 苷的含量,探讨梓醇和桃叶珊瑚苷在野生化血丹全草中
(Scrophulariaceae)胡麻草属(Centranthera)一年生草本 的分布,为其药用部位选择和资源的深度开发提供科学
[1]
植物 ,主要载于《中华本草》《中国植物志》《云南天然药 依据。
[2]
物图鉴》等书,其药材基源较丰富 ,以根入药,具有活血 1 材料
调经、散瘀止痛的功效 。据相关研究报道,化血丹根中 1.1 仪器
[3]
含有环烯醚萜苷类、苯乙醇苷类、紫罗兰酮苷类和黑蒴 1200 型 HPLC 仪(美国安捷伦科技有限公司);
苷类等丰富的生物活性物质,在治疗心血管疾病、白血 SK5200H 型超声波清洗器(上海科导超声仪器有限公
病和利尿、降压、降血糖、保肝等方面有很好的疗效 [4-7] , 司);ME204E 型电子分析天平、CN61M/DZF 型真空干
其在研发相关疾病的新型治疗药物上有广阔的前景 [8-9] 。 燥箱(上海奥豪斯贸易有限公司)。
其中的环烯醚萜苷类成分(如桃叶珊瑚苷和梓醇等)是 1.2 药品与试剂
野生化血丹中的一类重要成分,具有消炎、抗癌、防衰 野生化血丹新鲜样品采自云南省红河州,依据
[10]
老、抗氧化、降血糖、强心、调节免疫等作用 。现代药 2015-2017 年连续 3 年对样品来源所在野生居群化血
理研究表明,梓醇在心血管疾病、糖尿病、肿瘤疾病、神 丹生长发育规律的观察,样品在 11~12 月份采收为宜,
经系统疾病等特殊疾病上的防治效果明显 [11-12] ;桃叶珊 此时野生化血丹约九成成熟度,样品经普洱市民族医药
瑚苷在抗氧化、保护神经、护肝解毒、抗炎、抗骨质疏松 研究所张绍云主任药师鉴定为玄参科植物化血丹(C.
等上功效显著 [13-14] ,能明显抑制乙型肝炎病毒DNA的复 grandiflora Benth.)的全株;梓醇(批号:L1210052,纯
制和促进干细胞再生 。 度:≥97%)、桃叶珊瑚苷(批号:C1603095,纯度:≥
[15]
目前,国内外对梓醇和桃叶珊瑚苷含量的研究多集 98%)对照品均购自上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公
中在玄参科的地黄属和玄参属、杜仲科的杜仲属以及车 司;甲醇、乙腈(德国 Merck公司,色谱纯);磷酸(国药集
前科的车前草属等道地药材上 ,而对野生化血丹这一 团化学试剂有限公司,分析纯)。
[16]
民间天然药用植物资源的研究比较少。针对野生化血 2 方法与结果
丹的研究还仅集中在对其根部的化学成分鉴定及部分 2.1 样品的预处理
成分的活性研究方面 [17-20] ,对其梓醇和桃叶珊瑚苷含量 取自然风干的野生化血丹全株,于 55 ℃真空干燥
测定和不同部位中两个活性成分的比较未见报道。作 至恒质量,按根、茎、叶、花等部位分别粉碎过 4 号筛,
为一味民族民间常用中草药,除以根为常用药用部位 备用。
外,其他部位是否也具有相应的开发价值尚需进一步研 2.2 对照品溶液的制备
究。基于此,本研究采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法比较 分别精密称定梓醇、桃叶珊瑚苷对照品 1.23、1.08
野生化血丹不同部位(根、茎、叶、花)中梓醇和桃叶珊瑚 mg,置于 10 mL 棕色量瓶中,加相应的流动相定容,摇
·2624 · China Pharmacy 2019 Vol. 30 No. 19 中国药房 2019年第30卷第19期