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·药学研究·
蜜蜂蜂毒涂膜剂经皮给药的安全性评价 Δ
高 源 1,2* ,朱 凤 ,杨志斌 1,2,3 ,张成桂 1,2,3 ,赵海荣 1,2,3 ,巫秀美 1,2,3 ,李 玥 1,2,3 ,刘 衡 1,2,3 # (1.药用特种昆虫开
1,2
发国家地方联合工程研究中心,大理大学,云南 大理 671000;2.云南省昆虫生物医药研发重点实验室,大理大
学,云南 大理 671000;3.中国西南药用昆虫及蛛形类资源开发利用2011协同创新中心,大理大学,云南 大理
671000)
中图分类号 R285 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2019)16-2181-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2019.16.05
摘 要 目的:考察蜜蜂蜂毒(BV)涂膜剂经皮给药的急性毒性、长期毒性、皮肤刺激性及过敏性反应,以评价该涂膜剂的临床前
安全性。方法:以大鼠为研究对象,按BV涂膜剂高、中、低剂量(144、96、48 mg/kg)给药,进行急性毒性考察;按BV涂膜剂高、中、
低剂量(72、48、24 mg/kg)连续给药 28 d,进行长期毒性考察。以家兔为研究对象,采用同体左右侧自身对照法,按 BV 涂膜剂 8
mg/kg剂量给药,进行完整皮肤和破损皮肤的刺激性考察。以豚鼠为研究对象,在其左侧背部按BV涂膜剂15 mg/kg(第0、7、14天
各1次)致敏给药,右侧背部按BV涂膜剂15 mg/kg激发给药,进行皮肤过敏性考察。结果:BV涂膜剂经皮给药急性毒性实验结果
显示,大鼠脏器外观、脏器指数及体质量均无异常变化,未见明显全身毒性反应。长期毒性实验结果显示,末次给药24 h后,除BV
涂膜剂低剂量组大鼠脾脏指数,BV涂膜剂中剂量组大鼠睾丸指数以及BV涂膜剂高、中剂量组大鼠附睾指数均显著升高,BV涂
膜剂中、低剂量组大鼠血浆中PT显著延长外(P<0.05),大鼠脏器外观及其余脏器指数、凝血指标、血液生化指标均无异常变化;2
周恢复期结束后,上述指标均恢复正常。皮肤刺激性实验结果显示,部分家兔皮肤出现轻微红斑或明显的结痂现象,BV涂膜剂对
家兔完整或破损皮肤均有轻度刺激性。皮肤过敏性实验结果显示,部分豚鼠皮肤出现轻微红斑,BV涂膜剂对豚鼠皮肤有轻度致
敏性。结论:BV涂膜剂经皮给药未表现出急性毒性或长期毒性,仅对皮肤具有轻度刺激性和致敏性,表明该涂膜剂在实验剂量范
围内安全性良好。
关键词 蜜蜂蜂毒;涂膜剂;经皮给药;急性毒性;长期毒性;刺激性;过敏性
Safety Evaluation of Bee Venom Plastics with Transdermal Administration
1,2
1,2
GAO Yuan ,ZHU Feng ,YANG Zhibin 1,2,3 ,ZHANG Chenggui 1,2,3 ,ZHAO Hairong 1,2,3 ,WU Xiumei 1,2,3 ,LI Yue 1,2,3 ,
LIU Heng 1,2,3 (1. National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics,Dali University,
Yunnan Dali 671000,China;2.Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D,
Dali University,Yunnan Dali 671000,China;3. Yunnan Provincial 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for
Ento- moceutics,Dali University,Yunnan Dali 671000,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To investigate the acute toxicity,long-term toxicity,skin irritation and anaphylaxis of Bee venom
(BV)plastics,and to evaluate its preclinical safety. METHODS:The acute toxicity of BV plastics to rats was investigated after
administration of high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose (144,96,48 mg/kg) of BV plastics. The long-term toxicity of BV
plastics was investigated by continuous administration of high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose (72,48,24 mg/kg) of BV
plastics for 28 days. The irritation of intact and damaged skin in rabbits with 8 mg/kg BV plastics was investigated by using the
self-control method of left and right homologous body. The skin anaphylaxis of guinea pig were investigated after sensitized with 15
mg/kg BV plastics on the left back(on 0,7th,14th day)and stimulated with 15 mg/kg BV plastics on the right back. RESULTS:
During the acute toxicity experiment with BV plastic,the weight of rats and the changes of viscera were normal,and there was no
relevant toxic reaction. Long-term toxicity test results showed that no significant pathological changes were observed at 24 h after
the last administration;the spleen index of rats in BV low-dose group,testicular index in middle-dose group and epididymis index
in high-dose and middle-dose groups were significantly increased,while PT in plasma of rats in BV medium-dose and low-dose
groups was significantly prolonged(P<0.05). There were no
Δ 基 金 项 目 :国 家 自 然 科 学 基 金 资 助 项 目(No.81360679、
abnormal changes in organ appearance,other organ index,
81703742);云南省科技计划重点项目(No.2017FA050)
coagulation index and blood biochemical index. All above
*硕士研究生。研究方向:心脑血管药理学。E-mail:gaoyu-
an4832@163.com indexes became normal at the end of 2-week recovery period.
# 通信作者:研究实习员,博士研究生。研究方向:中药抗炎与免 Skin irritation test showed that BV plastics could cause slight
疫药理。E-mail:lheng125@126.com erythema and obvious scab on the skin of rabbits which along
中国药房 2019年第30卷第16期 China Pharmacy 2019 Vol. 30 No. 16 ·2181 ·