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drugs  intragastrically,  once  a  day,  for  12  consecutive  days.  On  the  13th  day  of  pregnancy,  a  single  intragastric  administration  of
          mifepristone (5  mg/kg)  was  performed  to  establish  a  model  of  threatened  abortion  with  blood  heat  syndrome.  On  the  14th  day  of
          pregnancy, the abortion rate and uterine coefficient were calculated; the pathological morphology of pregnant uterine was observed;
          the  serum  levels  of  3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3),  thyroid  hormone (T4),  thyroid  stimulating  hormone (TSH),  as  well  as  the
          levels  of  vascular  endothelial  growth  factor (VEGF)  and  nitric  oxide (NO)  in  the  pregnant  uterus  were  all  determined;  the
          expressions of mRNA and protein related to Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and
          phosphatidylinositol  3-kinase (PI3K)/protein  kinase  B (AKT)  pathways  were  detected.  RESULTS  Compared  with  normal  group,
          the  model  group  exhibited  endometrial  tissue  damage,  a  reduced  number  of  decidual  cells,  and  a  significant  presence  of  blood
          stasis  within  the  uterus;  abortion  rate,  the  serum  levels  of  T3,  T4  and  TSH,  the  mRNA  expressions  of  JAK2,  STAT3  and
          suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) as well as protein expressions of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and SOCS3 in the pregnant uterus
          were increased significantly (P<0.05); uterine coefficient, the levels of VEGF and NO in pregnant uterus, mRNA expressions of
          VEGFR2, PI3K, AKT and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS), protein expressions of VEGFR2, PI3K and eNOS as well as
          phosphorylation  level  of  AKT  in  the  pregnant  uterus  were  significantly  reduced (P<0.05).  Compared  with  model  group,  the
          endometrial  tissue  damage  and  congestion  in  the  Qingre  antai  decoction  group  were  significantly  improved,  and  the  levels  of  the
          aforementioned quantitative indicators were significantly reversed (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Qingre antai decoction can improve
          the pregnancy outcomes in rats with threatened abortion of blood heat syndrome, the mechanism of which may be associated with
          inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 pathway and activating PI3K/AKT pathway.
          KEYWORDS     Qingre  antai  decoction;  blood  heat  syndrome;  threatened  abortion;  JAK2/STAT3  pathway;  PI3K/AKT  pathway;
          pregnancy outcomes


              先兆流产是妊娠期女性的常见疾病之一,发病率约                          AKT 通路则参与调控胚胎血管生成              [9―11] 。然而,清热安
          占妊娠相关疾病的10%~15%,且有逐年升高的趋势,严                         胎方是否可通过调控JAK2/STAT3、PI3K/AKT双通路发
                                        [1]
          重危害广大女性的生殖与心理健康 。先兆流产发病前                            挥改善血热型先兆流产的作用仍不清晰。基于此,本研
          期会出现阴道出血,继而出现阵发性下腹痛、腰背痛及                            究拟基于 JAK2/STAT3、PI3K/AKT 双通路,从甲状腺激
          坠胀感,其病程复杂,现代医学认为该病的发生与免疫                            素分泌调节和胚胎血管生成调控两个层面探讨清热安

          异常、内分泌失调、感染及染色体异常等因素有关,故常                           胎方改善血热型先兆流产妊娠结局的作用机制。
          以黄体酮、阿司匹林等药物进行常规治疗,这虽能在一                            1 材料
          定程度上提高妊娠成功率,但总体效果并不理想                    [2―3] 。    1.1 主要仪器
              先兆流产在中医理论中归为“胎漏”“胎动不安”“滑                            本研究所用的主要仪器有 BS110S 型电子天平[赛
          胎”等范畴,曾记载于《产经》《脉经》《医宗金鉴·妇科心                         多利斯科学仪器(北京)有限公司],MR-96TB 型酶标仪
          法要诀》等多部典籍中,分为肾虚型、气血虚弱型、血热                           [骋克仪器(上海)有限公司],D3024R型台式高速冷冻型
          型、血瘀型、肝郁型等证型 。起源于清代乾隆年间的中                           微量离心机[大龙兴创实验仪器(北京)股份有限公司],
                                [4]
          原庞氏妇科流派认为,妇女孕后阴血下注冲任以养胎,                            CX23型光学显微镜(日本Olympus公司)。
          易使机体阴血偏虚,阳气偏旺,血热内生,故“热”贯穿妊                          1.2 主要药品与试剂
                                          [5]
          娠病全过程,治疗时应重视“胎前热”。该流派第六代                                清热安胎方由黄芩 10 g、知母 30 g、金银花 30 g、蒲
          传人庞清治先生以清热、止血、安胎为原则,创制了清热                           公英30 g、荷叶10 g、旱莲草30 g、藕节30 g、升麻 6 g、苏
          安胎方,其治疗血热型先兆流产的效果较好 ,但具体作                           梗15 g、白术10 g、山茱萸30 g、白芍10 g、甘草4 g组成,
                                               [6]
          用机制尚不明确。研究发现,血热与甲状腺激素分泌有                            温阳中药方(用于制备血热型先兆流产模型)由附子10 g、
          关,安胎与胚胎血管生成有关             [7―8] 。本课题组前期研究           干姜 10 g、肉桂 10 g 组成;上述两方中所有药材均购自
          发现,信号转导与转录激活因子 3(signal transducer and              河南中医药大学第三附属医院,经河南中医药大学药学
          activator of transcription 3,STAT3)、蛋白激酶 B(protein   院中药资源与鉴定教研室2名副教授以上职称人员鉴定
          kinase B,AKT)是清热安胎方治疗先兆流产的主要作用                      为真品。清热安胎方、温阳中药方均于河南中医药大学
              [6]
          靶点 。研究表明,Janus 激酶 2(Janus kinase 2,JAK2)/           医学机能实验室制备。清热安胎方制备过程为:称取处
          STAT3通路与早期胚胎发育和甲状腺激素分泌相关,磷                          方量药材以蒸馏水浸泡30 min,以大火煮沸后转小火煎
          脂酰肌醇 3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)/      煮 30 min,共煎 3 次,合并药液,再浓缩成质量浓度为


          · 1128 ·    China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 9                              中国药房  2026年第37卷第9期
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