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·药事管理·
基于德尔菲法构建医疗机构制剂成本项目库
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藕顺龙 ,林 洪 ,蒋 倩 ,金朝辉 [1.四川省肿瘤医院(研究所)/四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心/四川省癌症
1*
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防治中心/电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院药学部,成都 610041;2.四川大学华西医院临床药学部,成都 610041]
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)09-1122-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.09.03
摘 要 目的 构建医疗机构制剂成本项目库,为医疗机构制剂成本的精细化核算管理提供参考。方法 在文献分析与工作实践
基础上,初步拟定成本项目条目。采用德尔菲法,通过分析问卷回收率、专家权威系数、条目重要性评分、变异系数及肯德尔协调
系数,对条目进行筛选与优化。结果 两轮专家咨询的问卷回收率分别为95.7%和100%,专家权威系数分别为0.937和0.939,肯
德尔协调系数均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。最终构建的医疗机构制剂成本项目库包含6个一级条目(如原材料和包装材料成本、
人力资源成本和生产运营成本等)和29个二级条目(如主药原材料成本、生产人员薪酬和成品全项检验成本等),全面涵盖了原材
料和包装材料、固定资产折旧与设备维护、人力资源、生产运营、能源与环境、研发与其他成本等维度。结论 本研究成功构建了科
学可靠的医疗机构制剂成本项目库。该项目库可指导医疗机构逐项归集制剂实际支出,为行使自主定价权提供结构化证据,同时
为创新制剂的医保准入与支付政策制定提供数据支撑。
关键词 医疗机构制剂;成本;德尔菲法;成本核算;定价
Construction of hospital preparation cost item library based on the Delphi method
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OU Shunlong ,LIN Hong ,JIANG Qian ,JIN Zhaohui [1. Dept. of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital
(Institute)/Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center/Affiliated
Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China;2. Dept.
of Clinical Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China]
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To establish a hospital preparation cost item library, providing a reference for the refined accounting
management of preparation costs in medical institutions. METHODS Based on literature analysis and practical work experience, a
preliminary list of cost items was drafted. The Delphi method was employed to screen and optimize the items by analyzing the
questionnaire recovery rate, expert authority coefficient, item importance score, coefficient of variation, and Kendall’s W of
concordance. RESULTS The questionnaire recovery rates for the two rounds of expert consultation were 95.7% and 100%,
respectively; the expert authority coefficients were 0.937 and 0.939, respectively; Kendall’s W of concordance were statistically
significant (P<0.001). The finally established hospital preparation cost item library included 6 first-level items (such as raw
material and packaging material costs, human resource costs, and production operation costs) and 29 second-level items (including
main drug raw material costs, production personnel compensation, and finished product full-item testing costs), comprehensively
covering dimensions such as raw materials and packaging materials, fixed asset depreciation and equipment maintenance, human
resources, production operations, energy and environment, and R&D and other costs. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully
establishes a scientific and reliable cost item library for medical institution preparations, which can guide institutions to itemize
actual expenditures, provide structured evidence for autonomous pricing, and support data needs for the formulation of insurance
access and payment policies for innovative preparations.
KEYWORDS hospital preparations; cost; Delphi method; cost accounting; pricing
医疗机构制剂(以下简称“医院制剂”)是医疗机构
Δ 基金项目 四川省药学会“越·潜行”医院药学科研资助项目
(No.scyxh20240604) 根据临床实际需求自行配制的特色制剂,其定位在于填
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:医院药学。电话:028- 补市场药品供应空白 。医院制剂凝聚了医疗机构长期
[1]
85420393。E-mail:oushunlong@sina.com
的诊疗经验与技术特色,具有临床验证有效、适应证明
# 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:医院药学。E-mail:jzh-
pharmacy@scu.edu.cn 确等特点,不仅是保障患者个体化治疗的重要手段,还
· 1122 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 9 中国药房 2026年第37卷第9期

