Page 18 - 《中国药房》2026年8期

吸入氨基糖苷类抗菌药物用于下呼吸道感染的临床应用专家共识 Δ

《吸入氨基糖苷类抗菌药物用于下呼吸道感染的临床应用专家共识》编写组

中图分类号 R969.3；R978 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2026）08-0976-09
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.08.02

摘 要 目的 针对吸入氨基糖苷类抗菌药物用于下呼吸道感染治疗缺乏标准化临床规范的问题，制定《吸入氨基糖苷类抗菌药
物用于下呼吸道感染的临床应用专家共识》（以下简称“共识”），以提升其临床应用的规范性与安全性。方法 由上海交通大学医
学院附属新华医院牵头，联合国内临床药学、重症医学、呼吸与危重症医学、儿科等领域的35位专家，围绕吸入氨基糖苷类抗菌药
物的9个临床实践问题，系统梳理国内外的研究证据与临床实践经验，经充分讨论后形成该共识。结果 该共识共形成21条推荐
意见，包括吸入氨基糖苷类在不同下呼吸道感染性疾病（如支气管扩张症、囊性纤维化、慢性阻塞性肺疾病等）中的治疗指征与用
药方案、预防性应用的适用人群与条件、病原学未明确时的经验性使用原则、联合与单独用药的选择策略、特殊人群（儿童、肾功能
不全、妊娠期及哺乳期等患者）的用药建议、不良反应的监测与处理、医药共管模式的建立、吸入装置的选择与使用规范、全过程管
理与药学监护要点9个方面。结论 该共识为吸入氨基糖苷类抗菌药物在下呼吸道感染中的临床应用提供了系统化的循证指导，
有助于规范临床实践、优化给药方案、保障用药安全，并推动多学科协作管理模式的实施，从而改善患者的治疗结局。
关键词 吸入氨基糖苷类抗菌药物；下呼吸道感染；支气管扩张；临床应用；专家共识

Expert consensus on clinical application of inhaled aminoglycoside antimicrobials in lower respiratory tract
infections
Writing Group of Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Inhaled Aminoglycoside Antimicrobials in Lower
Respiratory Tract Infections

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To formulate Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Inhaled Aminoglycoside Antimicrobials in
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections （hereinafter referred to as the “consensus”） in response to the lack of standardized clinical
guidelines for the use of inhaled aminoglycoside antimicrobials in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections， so as to
improve the standardization and safety of their clinical application. METHODS Led by Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao
Tong University School of Medicine， 35 experts in the fields of clinical pharmacy， critical care medicine， respiratory and critical
care medicine， and pediatrics in China were convened. Nine clinical practice issues concerning inhaled aminoglycoside
antimicrobials were systematically reviewed with domestic and international research evidence and clinical experience. After an in-
depth discussion， the consensus was developed. RESULTS The consensus contained 21 recommendations covering nine aspects：
therapeutic indications and regimens of inhaled aminoglycosides in different lower respiratory tract infectious diseases （such as
bronchiectasis， cystic fibrosis， chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， etc.）， eligible populations and conditions for prophylactic
use， principles of empirical use in the absence of definite etiology， strategies for combination therapy versus monotherapy，
medication recommendations for special populations （children， patients with renal insufficiency， pregnancy and lactation， etc.），
monitoring and management of adverse reactions， establishment of a physician-pharmacist collaborative management model，
selection and standardized use of inhalation devices， and key points of whole-process management and pharmaceutical care.
CONCLUSIONS This consensus provides systematic evidence-based guidance for the clinical application of inhaled aminoglycoside
antimicrobials in lower respiratory tract infections. It helps standardize clinical practice， optimize dosing regimens， ensure
medication safety， and promote the implementation of a multidisciplinary collaborative management model， thereby improving
patient outcomes.
KEYWORDS inhaled aminoglycoside antimicrobials； lower respiratory tract infections； bronchiectasis； clinical application；
expert consensus

Δ 基金项目 上海市医院协会医院管理研究课题（No.X2024062） 世界卫生组织报告显示，感染性疾病占全部疾病死
＊第一作者 李莉霞：主任药师，硕士生导师。研究方向：抗感染与
[1]
因的 25% 以上，严重危害人类健康 。下呼吸道感染是
危重症药学。E-mail：lilixia@xinhuamed.com.cn
最常见的感染性疾病之一，主要包括社区获得性肺炎、
# 通信作者 张健：主任药师，博士生导师，博士。研究方向：临床
药学。E-mail：zhangjian@xinhuamed.com.cn 医院获得性肺炎（hospital-acquired pneumonia，HAP）、呼

· 976 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 8 中国药房 2026年第37卷第8期