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·循证药学·
多黏菌素B治疗碳青霉烯类耐药革兰阴性菌感染者全因死亡影
响因素的Meta分析
Δ
#
谭瑞娟 ,王立丹,杜 梅,马红芳,张晓燕(衡水市人民医院药学部,河北 衡水 053000)
*
中图分类号 R978.1+6 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)07-0949-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.07.21
摘 要 目的 系统评价多黏菌素 B 治疗碳青霉烯类耐药革兰阴性菌(CR-GNB)感染者全因死亡的影响因素。方法 检索
PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库和中国知网,收集多黏菌素 B 治疗
CR-GNB感染者30 d内或28 d内全因死亡的临床报道,检索期限为数据库建库至2025年7月。筛选文献、提取数据、评价文献质
量后,采用 RevMan 5.4 软件进行 Meta 分析。结果 共纳入 12 篇文献,涉及 1 326 例患者,其中死亡患者为 529 例,死亡率为
39.89%。Meta 分析结果显示,合并心血管疾病[OR=2.06,95%CI(1.37,3.09),P=0.005]、序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分升高
[OR=1.20,95%CI(1.07,1.35),P=0.003]、机械通气[OR=2.35,95%CI(1.65,3.34),P<0.001]、连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)
[OR=2.58,95%CI(1.67,3.97),P<0.001]、血流感染[OR=3.24,95%CI(2.19,4.78),P<0.001]、多部位感染[OR=1.51,95%CI
(1.03,2.20),P=0.03]、感染性休克[OR=3.19,95%CI(1.94,5.24),P<0.001]、使用血管活性药物[OR=2.90,95%CI(1.97,4.27),
P<0.001]、发生急性肾损伤(AKI)[OR=2.17,95%CI(1.41,3.36),P<0.001]是多黏菌素B治疗CR-GNB感染者全因死亡的危险因
素,多黏菌素 B 用药疗程延长[OR=0.92,95%CI(0.86,0.99),P=0.03]和 CR-GNB 感染后早期用药[OR=0.47,95%CI(0.25,
0.85),P=0.01]是保护因素。结论 合并心血管疾病,接受机械通气或CRRT,发生血流感染、多部位感染、感染性休克,合并使用
血管活性药物,出现AKI且SOFA评分升高的CR-GNB感染者,全因死亡风险较高;而延长多黏菌素B用药疗程(>7 d)、在确诊
CR-GNB感染后48 h内早期给药,可显著降低该类患者的全因死亡风险。
关键词 多黏菌素B;碳青霉烯类耐药革兰阴性菌;全因死亡;影响因素;Meta分析
Meta-analysis of influential factors for all-cause mortality in patients with carbapenem-resistant Gram-
negative bacteria treated with polymyxin B
TAN Ruijuan,WANG Lidan,DU Mei,MA Hongfang,ZHANG Xiaoyan(Dept. of Pharmacy, Hengshui People’s
Hospital, Hebei Hengshui 053000, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the influential factors for all-cause mortality in patients with carbapenem-
resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) treated with polymyxin B. METHODS PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web
of Science, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM and CNKI were searched to collect clinical studies on all-cause death within 30 days or 28
days after treatment with polymyxin B in patients with CR-GNB infection from database establishment to July 2025. After literature
screening, data extraction and evaluation of literature quality, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS
A total of 12 studies were included, involving 1 326 patients, among whom 529 patients died, with a mortality rate of 39.89%.
Meta-analysis results showed that combined with cardiovascular disease [OR=2.06, 95%CI (1.37, 3.09), P=0.005], increased
Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score [OR=1.20, 95%CI (1.07, 1.35), P=0.003], mechanical ventilation [OR=
2.35, 95%CI (1.65, 3.34), P<0.001], continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) [OR=2.58, 95%CI (1.67, 3.97), P<
0.001], bloodstream infection [OR=3.24, 95%CI (2.19, 4.78), P<0.001], multiple-site infection [OR=1.51, 95%CI (1.03,
2.20), P=0.03], septic shock [OR=3.19, 95%CI (1.94, 5.24), P<0.001], use of vasoactive drugs [OR=2.90, 95%CI (1.97,
4.27), P<0.001], and the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) [OR=2.17, 95%CI (1.41, 3.36), P<0.001] were risk factors
for all-cause mortality in patients with CR-GNB infection treated with polymyxin B. Conversely, an extended duration of
polymyxin B treatment [OR=0.92, 95%CI (0.86, 0.99), P=0.03] and early administration after CR-GNB infection [OR=0.47,
95%CI (0.25, 0.85), P=0.01] were protective factors. CONCLUSIONS Patients with cardiovascular disease, receiving
mechanical ventilation or CRRT, having bloodstream infection, multiple-site infection or septic shock, combining with vasoactive
drugs, with AKI and increased SOFA scores have a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Conversely, extending the duration of
polymyxin B treatment (beyond 7 days) and early
administration within 48 hours after confirmed CR-GNB
Δ 基金项目 河北省医学科学研究课题(No.20251606)
*第一作者 副主任护师。研究方向:医院合理用药。E-mail: infection can significantly reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.
tanruijuan1987@126.com KEYWORDS polymyxin B; carbapenem-resistant Gram-
# 通信作者 副主任药师。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:381734789 negative bacteria; all-cause mortality; influential factors; meta-
@qq.com analysis
中国药房 2026年第37卷第7期 China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 7 · 949 ·

