Page 45 - 《中国药房》2026年6期

炮制前后的栀子-黄芩药对中5种活性成分含量及指纹图谱研究
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李 玉 ，祁 俊 ，吴 萍 （1.芜湖市中医医院中药炮制室，安徽 芜湖 241000；2.芜湖市中医医院药剂科，
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安徽 芜湖 241000）
中图分类号 R283；R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2026）06-0727-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.06.06

摘 要 目的 建立生栀子-黄芩药对和焦栀子-黄芩药对中5种活性成分含量的测定方法，并构建指纹图谱，探讨栀子炮制对药对
中化学成分的影响。方法 采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法检测10批生栀子-黄芩药对和10批焦栀子-黄芩药对中京尼平龙胆双糖
苷、栀子苷、西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ、黄芩苷的含量；采用同一HPLC法，利用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012版）》建立
10批生栀子-黄芩药对和10批焦栀子-黄芩药对的指纹图谱，并进行主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘-判别分析。结果 相较于生栀
子-黄芩药对，焦栀子-黄芩药对中京尼平龙胆双糖苷的平均含量增加12.65%，栀子苷、西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ、黄芩苷的平均含
量则分别下降7.86%、60.62%、62.07%、0.15%。10批生栀子-黄芩药对、10批焦栀子-黄芩药对的指纹图谱共有18个共有峰，相似
度分别为0.997～1.000、0.988～1.000；指认了其中5个共有峰，分别为京尼平龙胆双糖苷（2号峰）、栀子苷（3号峰）、西红花苷Ⅰ（6
号峰）、西红花苷Ⅱ（9号峰）、黄芩苷（10号峰）。主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘-判别分析结果显示，生栀子-黄芩药对和焦栀子-黄
芩药对可被明显区分，西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ的变量重要性投影值均大于1。结论 成功建立了测定栀子-黄芩药对中京尼平龙
胆双糖苷等5种活性成分含量的方法，并绘制了指纹图谱。炮制可使药对中京尼平龙胆双糖苷的含量增加，栀子苷、西红花苷Ⅰ、
西红花苷Ⅱ、黄芩苷的含量降低；西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ可作为药对质量控制的潜在标志物。
关键词 炮制；生栀子；焦栀子；黄芩；药对；含量测定；指纹图谱

Study on the contents of five active components and fingerprint of Gardenia jasminoides-Scutellaria
baicalensis herb pairs before and after processing
LI Yu ，QI Jun ，WU Ping（1. TCM Processing Room， Wuhu Hospital of TCM， Anhui Wuhu 241000， China；
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2. Dept. of Pharmacy， Wuhu Hospital of TCM， Anhui Wuhu 241000， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To establish the method for determining the contents of five active components in raw and charred
herb pairs of Gardenia jasminoides-Scutellaria baicalensis， construct their fingerprints， and investigate the effects of G. jasminoides
processing on chemical constituents in the herb pairs. METHODS The HPLC method was used to determine the contents of genipin
1-β-D-gentiobioside， geniposide， crocin Ⅰ， crocin Ⅱ and baicalin in ten batches of raw G. jasminoides-S. baicalensis herb pairs
and ten batches of charred G. jasminoides-S. baicalensis herb pairs. Using the same HPLC method， chromatographic fingerprints for
the ten batches of raw herb pairs and ten batches of processed herb pairs were established with the Similarity Evaluation System for
Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine （2012 edition）. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial
least squares-discriminant analysis were performed. RESULTS Compared with the raw G. jasminoides-S. baicalensis herb pair， the
average content of genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside in the charred G. jasminoides-S. baicalensis herb pair increased by 12.65%； while
the average contents of geniposide， crocin Ⅰ ， crocin Ⅱ and baicalin decreased by 7.86%， 60.62%， 62.07% and 0.15%，
respectively. Chromatographic fingerprints of ten batches of raw herb pairs and ten batches of processed herb pairs shared 18
common peaks with similarities ranging from 0.997 to 1.000 and 0.988 to 1.000， respectively. Five common peaks were identified：
genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside （peak 2）， geniposide （peak 3）， crocin Ⅰ （peak 6）， crocin Ⅱ （peak 9） and baicalin （peak 10）.
Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis results showed that the raw G. jasminoides-S.
baicalensis herb pair and the charred G. jasminoides-S. baicalensis herb pair could be clearly distinguished. Variable importance in
the projection （VIP） values for crocin Ⅰ and crocin Ⅱ were both greater than one. CONCLUSIONS A method has been
successfully developed for the determination of five active components， including genipin 1- β -D-gentiobioside， in the G.
jasminoides-S. baicalensis herb pair， and its fingerprint has
Δ 基金项目 全国老药工传承工作室建设项目（No.国中医药人教
函〔2024〕255号） been drawn. Processing is found to increase the content of
＊ 第一作者 主 管 中 药 师 。 研 究 方 向 ：中 药 炮 制 。 E-mail：
genipin 1- β -D-gentiobioside， while decreasing the levels of
sunxuetaotao@163.com
geniposide， crocin Ⅰ， crocin Ⅱ and baicalin in the herb pair.
# 通信作者 主管中药师。研究方向：中药含量测定。E-mail：
421735948@qq.com Furthermore， crocin Ⅰ and crocin Ⅱ could serve as potential

中国药房 2026年第37卷第6期 China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 6 · 727 ·