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the spleen artery, and the infusion volume and blood loss rate were recorded; subsequently, the rats received LR resuscitation with
twice the volume of blood loss. Then, blood gas indicators of the mesaconate+LR group were measured at different time points.
Survival rates, indicators related to sublingual microcirculatory perfusion, liver and kidney blood flow, indicators related to the
function of vital organs, and lung and brain water content were observed in all groups. RESULTS LR infusion alone could
effectively maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) within 50-60 mmHg for approximately 1 h. The administration of mesaconate
combined with LR during hypotensive resuscitation could maintain MAP within 50-60 mmHg for over 3 h, with significantly
reduced fluid infusion volume and blood loss rate in 50 mg/kg mesaconate+LR group, compared to the LR group (P<0.05). In the
LR group, rats maintained low pressure for up to 1 hour with a survival rate of 52.94%, and no rats survived beyond 2 h. In the 5,
20 and 50 mg/kg mesaconate+LR groups, rats maintained low pressure for up to 1 h with a survival rate exceeding 80%; in the 20
and 50 mg/kg mesaconate+LR groups, rats maintained low pressure for up to 3 h with a survival rate exceeding 70%. After
complete resuscitation with mesaconate combined with LR, the 72 h survival rate of rats was 43.75%, and significant
improvements in blood gas parameters were observed compared to the end of the shock phase (P<0.05). Compared to the shock
group, the mesaconate+LR group showed significant recovery in sublingual microcirculatory indicators, and liver/kidney blood flow
after complete resuscitation (P<0.05), with significant reductions in heart, liver and kidney function-related indicators and lung
water content (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Mesaconate combined with LR significantly extends the golden treatment time window
for hemorrhagic shock in rats under high-altitude conditions, improves blood gas parameters, sublingual microcirculatory perfusion,
and liver/kidney blood flow, mitigates vital organ impairment and pulmonary edema, and increases the survival rate of shocked rats.
KEYWORDS mesaconate; Sodium lactate Ringer’s injection; high-altitude conditions; hemorrhagic shock; fluid resuscitation;
early therapy; golden treatment time window; resuscitation efficacy
战创伤失血性休克的发生率极高,达 50% 以上,是 下,机体会进行代谢重编程以适应特殊环境,而上述代
[1]
[8]
导致战创伤患者早期死亡的重要原因之一 。在高原地 谢改变可能会增加人群罹患高原病的风险 。当高原环
区,缺氧寒冷的环境进一步加重了战创伤患者失血性休 境合并战创伤失血性休克时,组织灌注不足和氧债会进
克后的微循环障碍和器官功能损伤,故该地区战创伤患 一步加剧休克患者的能量代谢危机,从而导致线粒体功
[2]
者死亡率较平原地区患者高30%以上 。液体复苏是早 能受损、三羧酸循环中间产物(如琥珀酸等)积累,而这
期治疗战创伤患者外伤性失血性休克的首要关键措施, 些产物可直接作为信号分子驱动免疫炎症,严重影响患
可及时恢复有效血容量、提高患者的救治成功率,在整 者预后 [9―10] 。因此,针对“代谢-免疫”的干预策略在失血
个救治过程中具有重要作用。 性休克救治领域具有广阔前景。
近年来,学者针对常规环境下战创伤休克患者的早 内源性代谢物具有分子量小、代谢活性高、作用靶
期液体复苏提出了多种观点,包括允许性低压复苏、延 点明确等特点,是休克代谢干预的理想候选物质。这类
迟复苏等,以协助提高该类患者休克早期的救治水 物质可通过多种机制调节休克病理进程,包括纠正酸中
平 [3―4] 。针对高原环境合并战创伤失血性休克,本课题 毒、改善线粒体功能、抑制过度炎症反应、减轻氧化应激
组前期提出了快速降低海拔高度、靶向线粒体功能等防 损伤等,从而形成多靶点协同保护效应 [10―11] 。中康酸是
治措施 [5―6] 。但高原地区资源有限、患者后送时间较长, 一种来自人体肠道菌群的天然代谢产物,其同分异构体
且高原环境合并战创伤休克常常伴随着低氧、炎症和组 衣康酸及衍生物 4-辛基衣康酸已被证实在多种疾病中
[12]
织损伤等多重打击,导致其黄金救治时间窗较平原环境 具有治疗潜力 。同时,中康酸在能量代谢、信号转导
大幅缩短,给高原条件下战创伤失血性休克患者的救治 和炎症反应中起重要作用——在脂多糖诱导的神经炎
带来了严峻挑战 。因此,探索新的治疗策略以延长高 症小鼠中,中康酸可显著降低其脑内炎症介质水平 ;
[7]
[13]
原条件下战创伤失血性休克患者的黄金救治时间窗,对 可通过抑制糖酵解而不影响三羧酸循环和线粒体呼吸,
于提高其早期救治水平至关重要。 在巨噬细胞中发挥免疫调节作用,从而延长脓毒性休克
[14]
近年研究表明,失血性休克常伴随复杂的代谢紊 小鼠的生存时间 。但在高原环境合并战创伤失血性
乱,涉及氨基酸、脂肪酸、糖类等代谢异常。这些代谢变 休克中,中康酸能否通过其代谢-免疫调节活性发挥器
化不仅是休克严重程度的重要反映,也是推动组织微循 官功能保护作用,从而延长黄金救治时间窗,目前尚不
环障碍和多器官功能损伤的核心因素;在高原缺氧环境 清楚。为此,本研究通过低压缺氧舱模拟高原环境,以
中国药房 2026年第37卷第6期 China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 6 · 721 ·

