Page 39 - 《中国药房》2026年6期
P. 39

the spleen artery, and the infusion volume and blood loss rate were recorded; subsequently, the rats received LR resuscitation with
          twice  the  volume  of  blood  loss.  Then,  blood  gas  indicators  of  the  mesaconate+LR  group  were  measured  at  different  time  points.
          Survival  rates,  indicators  related  to  sublingual  microcirculatory  perfusion,  liver  and  kidney  blood  flow,  indicators  related  to  the
          function  of  vital  organs,  and  lung  and  brain  water  content  were  observed  in  all  groups.  RESULTS  LR  infusion  alone  could
          effectively  maintain  mean  arterial  pressure (MAP)  within  50-60  mmHg  for  approximately  1  h.  The  administration  of  mesaconate
          combined  with  LR  during  hypotensive  resuscitation  could  maintain  MAP  within  50-60  mmHg  for  over  3  h,  with  significantly
          reduced fluid infusion volume and blood loss rate in 50 mg/kg mesaconate+LR group, compared to the LR group (P<0.05). In the
          LR group, rats maintained low pressure for up to 1 hour with a survival rate of 52.94%, and no rats survived beyond 2 h. In the 5,
          20 and 50 mg/kg mesaconate+LR groups, rats maintained low pressure for up to 1 h with a survival rate exceeding 80%; in the 20
          and  50  mg/kg  mesaconate+LR  groups,  rats  maintained  low  pressure  for  up  to  3  h  with  a  survival  rate  exceeding  70%.  After
          complete  resuscitation  with  mesaconate  combined  with  LR,  the  72  h  survival  rate  of  rats  was  43.75%,  and  significant
          improvements  in  blood  gas  parameters  were  observed  compared  to  the  end  of  the  shock  phase (P<0.05).  Compared  to  the  shock
          group, the mesaconate+LR group showed significant recovery in sublingual microcirculatory indicators, and liver/kidney blood flow
          after  complete  resuscitation (P<0.05),  with  significant  reductions  in  heart,  liver  and  kidney  function-related  indicators  and  lung
          water content (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Mesaconate combined with LR significantly extends the golden treatment time window
          for hemorrhagic shock in rats under high-altitude conditions, improves blood gas parameters, sublingual microcirculatory perfusion,
          and liver/kidney blood flow, mitigates vital organ impairment and pulmonary edema, and increases the survival rate of shocked rats.
          KEYWORDS    mesaconate;  Sodium  lactate  Ringer’s  injection;  high-altitude  conditions;  hemorrhagic  shock;  fluid  resuscitation;
          early therapy; golden treatment time window; resuscitation efficacy



              战创伤失血性休克的发生率极高,达 50% 以上,是                      下,机体会进行代谢重编程以适应特殊环境,而上述代
                                              [1]
                                                                                                 [8]
          导致战创伤患者早期死亡的重要原因之一 。在高原地                           谢改变可能会增加人群罹患高原病的风险 。当高原环
          区,缺氧寒冷的环境进一步加重了战创伤患者失血性休                           境合并战创伤失血性休克时,组织灌注不足和氧债会进
          克后的微循环障碍和器官功能损伤,故该地区战创伤患                           一步加剧休克患者的能量代谢危机,从而导致线粒体功
                                          [2]
          者死亡率较平原地区患者高30%以上 。液体复苏是早                          能受损、三羧酸循环中间产物(如琥珀酸等)积累,而这
          期治疗战创伤患者外伤性失血性休克的首要关键措施,                           些产物可直接作为信号分子驱动免疫炎症,严重影响患
          可及时恢复有效血容量、提高患者的救治成功率,在整                           者预后   [9―10] 。因此,针对“代谢-免疫”的干预策略在失血
          个救治过程中具有重要作用。                                      性休克救治领域具有广阔前景。
              近年来,学者针对常规环境下战创伤休克患者的早                             内源性代谢物具有分子量小、代谢活性高、作用靶
          期液体复苏提出了多种观点,包括允许性低压复苏、延                           点明确等特点,是休克代谢干预的理想候选物质。这类
          迟复苏等,以协助提高该类患者休克早期的救治水                             物质可通过多种机制调节休克病理进程,包括纠正酸中
          平 [3―4] 。针对高原环境合并战创伤失血性休克,本课题                      毒、改善线粒体功能、抑制过度炎症反应、减轻氧化应激
          组前期提出了快速降低海拔高度、靶向线粒体功能等防                           损伤等,从而形成多靶点协同保护效应                 [10―11] 。中康酸是
          治措施   [5―6] 。但高原地区资源有限、患者后送时间较长,                   一种来自人体肠道菌群的天然代谢产物,其同分异构体
          且高原环境合并战创伤休克常常伴随着低氧、炎症和组                           衣康酸及衍生物 4-辛基衣康酸已被证实在多种疾病中
                                                                          [12]
          织损伤等多重打击,导致其黄金救治时间窗较平原环境                           具有治疗潜力 。同时,中康酸在能量代谢、信号转导
          大幅缩短,给高原条件下战创伤失血性休克患者的救治                           和炎症反应中起重要作用——在脂多糖诱导的神经炎
          带来了严峻挑战 。因此,探索新的治疗策略以延长高                           症小鼠中,中康酸可显著降低其脑内炎症介质水平 ;
                        [7]
                                                                                                          [13]
          原条件下战创伤失血性休克患者的黄金救治时间窗,对                           可通过抑制糖酵解而不影响三羧酸循环和线粒体呼吸,
          于提高其早期救治水平至关重要。                                    在巨噬细胞中发挥免疫调节作用,从而延长脓毒性休克
                                                                            [14]
              近年研究表明,失血性休克常伴随复杂的代谢紊                          小鼠的生存时间 。但在高原环境合并战创伤失血性
          乱,涉及氨基酸、脂肪酸、糖类等代谢异常。这些代谢变                          休克中,中康酸能否通过其代谢-免疫调节活性发挥器
          化不仅是休克严重程度的重要反映,也是推动组织微循                           官功能保护作用,从而延长黄金救治时间窗,目前尚不
          环障碍和多器官功能损伤的核心因素;在高原缺氧环境                           清楚。为此,本研究通过低压缺氧舱模拟高原环境,以


          中国药房  2026年第37卷第6期                                                 China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 6    · 721 ·
   34   35   36   37   38   39   40   41   42   43   44