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医疗机构麻醉药品专档管理及风险预警系统的构建和应用
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          唐平秀 ,杨 强,张询研,袁 琳(遂宁市中心医院药学部,四川 遂宁 629000)
                                        #
          中图分类号  R971+.2;R954      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2026)01-0083-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.01.15

          摘  要  目的  构建麻醉药品专档管理及风险预警系统,推动医疗机构麻醉药品精细化管理。方法  通过合理用药系统,集成以患
          者为索引的麻醉药品用药档案信息,构建疼痛评估、剂量快速滴定模块,建立处方前置审核风险预警模型,并对系统构建前(2023
          年1-7月)和稳定运行后(2024年1-7月)患者退回药品数量、麻醉药品滥用相关不良事件干预数量、患者和医师满意度以及患
          者用药依从性进行统计分析。结果  麻醉药品专档管理及风险预警系统构建后,除吗啡片外,患者退回的其他麻醉药品数量均较
          系统应用前减少。麻醉药品滥用相关不良事件的干预数量由0例增加为5例。患者疼痛控制满意度由46.25%提高到67.50%,依
          从性差的患者占比由23.75%降为7.50%,医师总体满意度为72.41%。结论  麻醉药品专档管理及风险预警系统的构建,能够精细
          化管理麻醉药品,并对超常处方进行预警,减少患者麻醉药品囤积,及时发现和干预麻醉药品滥用相关不良事件,提高医师诊疗效
          率和治疗精准性,也提升了患者疼痛控制满意度和用药依从性。
          关键词  医疗机构;麻醉药品;专档管理;风险预警;癌痛

          Construction and application of specialized file management and risk warning system for narcotic drugs in
          medical institutions
          TANG Pingxiu,YANG Qiang,ZHANG Xunyan,YUAN Lin(Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Suining  Central  Hospital,
          Sichuan Suining 629000, China)


          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  construct  specialized  file  management  and  risk  warning  system  for  narcotic  drugs,  and  promote
          the refined management of narcotic drugs in medical institutions. METHODS Through the rational medication management system,
          patient-indexed  narcotic  drug  medication  record  information  was  integrated,  pain  assessment  and  rapid  dose  titration  modules  were
          constructed, and a prescription pre-review risk warning model was established. Statistical analysis was conducted on the number of
          drugs  returned  by  patients,  interventions  for  adverse  events  related  to  narcotic  drug  abuse,  patient  and  physician  satisfaction,  and
          patient  medication  adherence  before  the  system  was  constructed (January-July  2023)  and  after  its  stable  operation (January-July
          2024).  RESULTS  After  the  construction  of  the  system,  the  number  of  narcotic  drugs  returned  by  patients  decreased,  except  for
          Morphine  tablets.  The  number  of  interventions  for  adverse  events  related  to  narcotic  drug  abuse  increased  from  0  to  5  cases.  The
          patients’ satisfaction with pain control increased from 46.25% to 67.50%, the proportion of patients with poor adherence decreased
          from 23.75% to 7.50%, and the overall satisfaction of physicians was 72.41%. CONCLUSIONS  The construction of a specialized
          file  management  and  risk  warning  system  for  narcotic  drugs  enables  refined  management  of  narcotic  drugs,  provides  alerts  for
          abnormal  prescriptions,  reduces  patient  stockpiling  of  narcotic  drugs,  allows  timely  detection  and  intervention  of  adverse  events
          related to narcotic drug abuse, improves physician treatment efficiency and precision, and enhances patient pain control satisfaction
          and medication adherence.
          KEYWORDS    medical institutions; narcotic drugs; specialized file management; risk warning; cancer pain



              麻醉药品是我国依法依规实行特殊管理的药品,其                         用易产生依赖性、成瘾性,若流入非法渠道则会造成严
          作用具有两重性:一方面具有很强的镇痛镇静等作用,                           重社会危害甚至导致违法犯罪 。
                                                                                       [1]
          是临床诊疗必不可少的药品;另一方面不规范地连续使                               美国、英国等发达国家和国际麻醉品管制局等相关
                                                             机构已经建立较为完善的麻醉药品管理模式                    [2―3] 。我国
             Δ 基金项目 四川省医学青年创新科研课题(No.Q21084)                 药监部门 2007 年 9 月基本建成全国特殊药品监控信息
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:
                                                             网络,实现了对麻醉药品生产、购买、销售、存放及流向
          pxtang123@163.com
                                                                       [4]
                                                             的实时监控 ,但该网络并未覆盖到医疗机构使用环节,
             # 通信作者 副主任药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学、药学信息
                                                                                                     [5]
          化。E-mail:ada_yuanlin@163.com                       麻醉药品一旦流出流通企业,监控就进入死角 。2019
          中国药房  2026年第37卷第1期                                                  China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 1    · 83 ·
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