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脊柱结核患者血浆中 3 种抗结核药物浓度测定方法的建立及临
床应用
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牟妍红 ,吴雪花 ,李永芳 ,车晓明(1. 青海大学药学院,西宁 810016;2. 青海省人民医院药学部,西宁
810007;3.青海省人民医院骨科,西宁 810007)
中图分类号 R969.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)01-0072-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.01.13
摘 要 目的 建立同时测定脊柱结核患者血浆中3种抗结核药物浓度的方法,并将该法应用于临床。方法 以苯海拉明为内标,
采用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术建立同时测定脊柱结核患者血浆中异烟肼、利福平和吡嗪酰胺浓度的方法。以Chema‐
link CM-C18T为色谱柱,0.1%甲酸-甲醇溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.4 mL/min,进样体积为2 μL;采用电喷雾离子源在正
离子模式下进行多反应监测,用于定量分析的离子对分别为 m/z 138.0→121.0(异烟肼)、m/z 823.3→791.3(利福平)、m/z 124.1→
79.0(吡嗪酰胺)、m/z 256.0→167.0(苯海拉明)。选择2023年1月-2025年6月在青海省人民医院住院的53例脊柱结核患者,采用
上述方法测定患者血浆中异烟肼、利福平和吡嗪酰胺浓度。结果 异烟肼、利福平和吡嗪酰胺的线性范围分别为0.5~16、2~64、
2.5~80 μg/mL(r 不低于 0.998 7),准确度为 90.20%~108.64%(n=5),日内精密度的 RSD 均小于 6.63%(n=5),日间精密度的
RSD均小于8.42%(n=3),基质效应为88.60%~115.41%(n=5),稳定性试验的相对偏差均在±15%范围内,残留效应对测定无干
扰。临床应用结果显示,脊柱结核患者体内异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺的平均血药浓度分别为(3.62±2.80)、(8.55±4.57)、
(20.12±6.56)μg/mL,血药浓度低于有效峰浓度的发生率分别为49.06%、58.49%、60.38%。结论 本研究所建立的方法快速准确、
稳定性好,可用于临床监测脊柱结核患者血浆中异烟肼、利福平和吡嗪酰胺的浓度。
关键词 脊柱结核;抗结核药物;治疗药物监测;LC-MS/MS法;异烟肼;利福平;吡嗪酰胺
Establishment and clinical application of a method for the determination of three anti-tuberculosis drugs
concentrations in plasma of patients with spinal tuberculosis
MOU Yanhong ,WU Xuehua ,LI Yongfang ,CHE Xiaoming(1. School of Pharmacy, Qinghai University,
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Xining 810016, China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, China;
3. Dept. of Orthopedics, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultaneously determining three anti-tuberculosis drugs in the plasma of
patients with spinal tuberculosis and apply it in clinical practice. METHODS LC-MS/MS method was established for the
quantitative determination of the concentrations of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide in the plasma of patients with spinal
tuberculosis, using diphenhydramine as the internal standard. The determination was carried out using Chemalink CM-C18T column,
with mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid-methanol solution (gradient elution), at the flow rate of 0.4 mL/min and an
injection volume of 2 μL. Multiple reaction monitoring was conducted using an electrospray ionization source in positive ion mode.
The ion pairs used for quantitative analysis were m/z 138.0→121.0 (for isoniazid), m/z 823.3→791.3 (for rifampicin), m/z 124.1→
79.0 (for pyrazinamide), and m/z 256.0→167.0 (for diphenhydramine). Fifty-three patients diagnosed with spinal tuberculosis in
Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2023 to June 2025 were selected, and the plasma concentrations of isoniazid,
rifampicin and pyrazinamide in these patients were measured using the above method. RESULTS The linear ranges for isoniazid,
rifampicin and pyrazinamide were 0.5-16, 2-64, and 2.5-80
Δ 基金项目 青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”培养拔尖人
才项目(No.青人才字〔2020〕18号);青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业 μg/mL, respectively (r≥0.998 7). The accuracy ranged from
人才”培养领军人才项目(No.青人才字〔2025〕5号);青海省卫生健康 90.20% to 108.64% (n=5). RSDs for intra-day precision were
委重点课题(No.2022-wjzd-01) all less than 6.63% (n=5), while those for inter-day precision
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 E-mail:
were all less than 8.42% (n=3). The matrix effects ranged
1850079584@qq.com
# 通信作者 副主任药师,硕士生导师。研究方向:临床药学。 from 88.60% to 115.41% (n=5). The relative deviations in
E-mail:wxh_8284@163.com the stability tests were all within the ±15% range, and the
· 72 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 1 中国药房 2026年第37卷第1期

