Page 41 - 《中国药房》2025年13期

桔梗炒制工艺及其炒制前后对急性肺损伤小鼠的保护作用研究
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韩啸天 ，王 雷，王亚萍，杨娅玲，齐 滨（长春中医药大学药学院，长春 130117）
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中图分类号 R283；R285 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2025）13-1587-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.13.06

摘 要 目的 优化桔梗炒制工艺，并比较桔梗炒制前后对小鼠肺损伤的保护作用，初步探索炒桔梗“炮制增效”的特性。方法 在
单因素实验基础上，以炒制时间、炒制温度、翻动频率为因素，以外观性状评分、桔梗皂苷D含量和醇浸出物含量的综合评分为指
标，设计 Box-Behnken 响应面实验优化桔梗炒制工艺，并进行验证。将小鼠分为空白对照组，模型组，地塞米松组（阳性对照药，
5 mg/kg），桔梗低、高剂量组（0.6、1.2 g/kg），炒桔梗低、高剂量组（0.6、1.2 g/kg），每组8只；每天给药1次，连续10 d。末次给药后，
采用脂多糖气管滴注法建立急性肺损伤模型，检测小鼠血清中白细胞介素6（IL-6）、IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和肺组织中超
氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、丙二醛（MDA）水平，计算肺干湿重比和胸腺指数，观察小鼠肺组织病理学变化。
结果 炒桔梗的最佳工艺为：炒制温度 120 ℃，炒制时间 12 min，翻动频率 19 r/min；3 批工艺验证得出的综合评分均大于 97 分，
RSD小于3%（n＝3）。药效学实验结果显示，与空白对照组比较，模型组小鼠肺干湿重比和IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、MPO、MDA水平
均显著升高（P＜0.01），胸腺指数和 SOD 水平均显著降低（P＜0.01），肺组织明显损伤；与模型组比较，各给药组小鼠上述指标
均显著改善（P＜0.01），肺组织损伤明显减轻；且在相同给药剂量下，除肺干湿重比外，炒桔梗组小鼠上述指标较生品桔梗组改善
程度更显著（P＜0.05），肺组织损伤进一步减轻。结论 优化的炒制工艺稳定、可行；相同给药剂量下炒桔梗对急性肺损伤小鼠的
保护效果优于生品桔梗。
关键词 桔梗；炒桔梗；炒制工艺；肺损伤；药效学；炮制增效

Study on stir-frying process of Platycodon grandiflorum and its protective effect on acute lung injury in
mice before and after stir-frying
HAN Xiaotian，WANG Lei，WANG Yaping，YANG Yaling，QI Bin（School of Pharmacy， Changchun University
of Chinese Medicine， Changchun 130117， China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To optimize the stir-frying process of Platycodon grandiflorum， compare the protective effect of P.
grandiflorum on lung injury in mice before and after stir-frying， and preliminarily explore the characteristics of “enhanced efficacy
through processing” of stir-frying P. grandiflorum. METHODS On the basis of single-factor experiment， the stir-frying time，
temperature and frequency were taken as factors， and the comprehensive scores of appearance traits， platycodin D content and
alcohol extract content were taken as indexes. Box-Behnken response surface experiment was designed to optimize the stir-frying
process of P. grandiflorum and verify it. The mice were divided into blank control group， model group， dexamethasone group
（positive control drug， 5 mg/kg）， P. grandiflorum low-dose and high-dose groups （0.6，1.2 g/kg）， fried P. grandiflorum low and
high dose groups （0.6， 1.2 g/kg）， with 8 mice in each group. The treatment was given once a day for 10 consecutive days. After
the last administration， acute lung injury model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide. The levels of
interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β， tumor necrosis factor- α （TNF- α） in serum and superoxide dismutase （SOD）， myeloperoxidase
（MPO） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in lung tissue were detected， lung wet/dry weight ratio and thymus index were calculated，
and the pathological changes of lung tissue were observed. RESULTS The optimum processing conditions were as follows：stir-
frying temperature of 120 ℃， stir-frying time of 12 min， stir-frying frequency of 19 r/min； the comprehensive scores of the three
batches of process verification were all greater than 97 points， RSD＜3% （n＝3）. The results of pharmacodynamic experiments
showed that compared with blank control group， the lung dry-wet weight ratio as well as the levels of IL-6， IL-1β， TNF-α， MPO
and MDA in the model group were significantly increased （P＜0.01）， the thymus index and SOD level were significantly decreased
（P＜0.01）， and the lung tissue was significantly damaged. Compared with model group， above indexes of the mice in each
administration group were significantly improved （P＜0.01）， and the lung tissue injury was significantly reduced. At the same
dose， except for the lung dry-wet weight ratio， the above
Δ 基金项目 国家重点研发计划项目（No.2021YFD1600903-02）；
indexes of the mice in the stir-fried P. grandiflorum groups
吉林省科技发展计划项目（No.YDZJ202301ZYTS170）
＊第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向：中药炮制关键技术及科学内 were significantly improved compared with P. grandiflorum
涵。E-mail：495758271@qq.com groups （P＜0.05）， and the lung tissue damage was further
# 通信作者 教授，硕士生导师，博士。研究方向：中药炮制关键技 reduced. CONCLUSIONS The optimized stir-frying process is
术及科学内涵。E-mail：Qibin88@126.com stable and feasible. The protective effect of stir-fried P.

中国药房 2025年第36卷第13期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 13 · 1587 ·