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虎杖在急性痛风性关节炎大鼠中的入血成分及代谢产物分析
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柯彩依 ,沈 蒙,吉 莉,王雪纯,朱雨晴,陈 西,王铖维琦,马 群(北京中医药大学中药学院,北京
102488)
中图分类号 R965;R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)13-1581-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.13.05
摘 要 目的 分析虎杖在急性痛风性关节炎(AGA)大鼠中的入血成分及代谢产物。方法 将SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组
和虎杖给药组(10 g/kg,以生药量计),每组6只。除空白组外,其余各组大鼠通过注射氧嗪酸钾和尿酸钠复制AGA模型,同时灌
胃相应药液或水,每天1次,连续10 d。观察大鼠膝关节组织病理学形态;收集大鼠血清样品,采用超高效液相色谱串联四极杆静
电场轨道阱质谱法分析虎杖的入血成分和代谢产物。结果 经虎杖干预后,AGA大鼠膝关节滑膜组织病理形态明显改善,炎症细
胞浸润和增生减少,蜂窝状结构完整。在正、负离子模式下,虎杖给药组大鼠血清中共检测出67个化学成分,包括25个原型成分
和42个代谢产物,涉及的化合物类型有二苯乙烯类、蒽醌类、萘酚类、黄酮类等,涉及的代谢反应有甲基化、乙酰化、硫酸酯化、葡
萄糖醛酸化,其中虎杖苷、白藜芦醇、大黄素等化合物均能以原型入血并发生体内代谢。结论 虎杖苷、白藜芦醇、大黄素等化合物
可能是虎杖抗AGA的活性成分。
关键词 虎杖;急性痛风性关节炎;入血成分;代谢产物;药效;活性成分;超高效液相色谱串联四极杆静电场轨道阱质谱法
Analysis of components migrating to blood and metabolites of Polygonum cuspidatum in rats with acute
gouty arthritis
KE Caiyi,SHEN Meng,JI Li,WANG Xuechun,ZHU Yuqing,CHEN Xi,WANG Chengweiqi,MA Qun(School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the components migrating to blood and metabolites of Polygonum cuspidatum in rats with
acute gouty arthritis (AGA). METHODS SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group and P. cuspidatum group
(10 g/kg, by raw material), with 6 rats in each group. Except for blank group, AGA model was induced in the remaining groups
by injecting potassium oxonate and sodium urate; meanwhile, they were administered corresponding drug solutions or water
intragastrically, once a day, for 10 consecutive days. The histopathological morphology of the knee joint tissues in rats was
observed;rat serum samples were collected, and the components migrating to blood and metabolites of P. cuspidatum were analyzed
by using UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS. RESULTS Following the intervention with P. cuspidatum, the histopathological
morphology of the knee joint synovial tissue in AGA rats showed significant improvement, with reduced inflammatory cell
infiltration and hyperplasia, and the preservation of the honeycomb-like structure integrity. In both positive and negative ion modes,
a total of 67 chemical components were detected in the serum of rats from P. cuspidatum group, including 25 prototype components
and 42 metabolites. The involved compound types encompassed stilbenes, anthraquinones, naphthols, and flavonoids, among
others. The metabolic reactions identified included methylation, acetylation, sulfation, and glucuronidation. Notably, compounds
such as polydatin, resveratrol and emodin were capable of entering the bloodstream in their prototype forms and undergoing in vivo
metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Compounds such as polydatin, resveratrol and emodin are likely to be the active components
responsible for the anti-AGA effects of P. cuspidatum.
KEYWORDS Polygonum cuspidatum; acute gouty arthritis; components migrating to blood; metabolites; pharmacokinetics;
active components; UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS
[1]
急性痛风性关节炎(acute gouty arthritis,AGA)是由 3.90% 。其现有治疗药物黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂、促尿酸
尿酸钠结晶沉积引发的急性关节炎疾病,在全球患病率 排泄药(如秋水仙碱)、非甾体抗炎药等,存在骨髓抑制、
呈 逐 年 上 升 趋 势 ,成 年 人 群 患 病 率 已 达 0.68%~ 胃肠道毒性、肾功能损伤等副作用,且患者依从性差,从
而限制了AGA的临床治疗效果 [2―3] 。
Δ 基金项目 国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科(中药分
虎杖 Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. 为蓼科多
析学)建设项目(No.zyyzdxk-2023265) 年生草本植物虎杖的根茎和根,具有散瘀止痛的功效,
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :中 药 分 析 。 E-mail:
[4]
可用于治疗风湿痹痛等病症 。临床和现代药理研究证
15720963171@163.com
# 通信作者 研究员,博士。研究方向:中药药剂、中药分析。 实,虎杖在AGA治疗中具有明确疗效,是中医临床治疗
E-mail:maqun99@126.com AGA的核心药物 [5―6] 。中药的体内代谢产物是研究其作
中国药房 2025年第36卷第13期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 13 · 1581 ·