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中药通过线粒体质量控制改善心肌缺血再灌注损伤的机制研究
进展
Δ
张高静 1, 2* ,袁智宇 ,刘新灿 1, 2 # ,孙天福 ,兰真真 (1. 河南中医药大学第一附属医院心脏中心,郑州
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450099;2.河南中医药大学第一附属医院心血管内科,郑州 450099)
中图分类号 R965;R285 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)12-1542-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.12.22
摘 要 心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)是常见的心脏病理过程,是代谢变化、线粒体功能障碍等多种机制共同作用的结果。线粒
体质量控制(MQC)作为关键的调控机制,可能是防治MIRI的重要靶点。近年来,中药在改善MIRI领域表现出多靶点、多途径、
低毒副作用的独特优势,已得到临床的普遍认可并得以应用。本文通过对近年来中药单体、有效部位、药对、复方及相关制剂等靶
向MQC改善MIRI的相关研究进行系统整理、归纳后发现,中药单体及有效部位(五味子乙素、异甘草素、金盏花苷E、小檗碱、枸
杞多糖等),中药药对、复方及相关制剂(附子-干姜、益心方、双参宁心胶囊、白金方、益气活血药方等)可通过激活MQC以减少氧
化应激损伤、促进线粒体生物发生、维持线粒体分裂/融合稳态、调节线粒体自噬、恢复线粒体钙稳态等途径来减轻MIRI。
关键词 中药;心肌缺血再灌注损伤;线粒体质量控制
Research progress on mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in improving myocardial ischemia-
reperfusion injury by mitochondrial quality control
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ZHANG Gaojing ,YUAN Zhiyu ,LIU Xincan ,SUN Tianfu ,LAN Zhenzhen (1. Cardiac Center, the First
Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450099, China;2. Dept. of
Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450099, China)
ABSTRACT Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a common cardiac pathological process, resulting from the
combined effects of multiple mechanisms involving metabolic changes and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial quality control
(MQC), as a key regulatory mechanism, may serve as an important target for the prevention and treatment of MIRI. In recent
years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated unique advantages in the field of improving MIRI, with multiple
targets, multiple pathways, and low toxic and side effects. It has gained widespread clinical recognition and application. Through
systematically organizing and summarizing recent studies on the targeting of MQC by monomers, active fractions, herb pairs,
compound formulas and related preparations of TCM to improve MIRI, this paper finds that monomers and active fractions of TCM
(such as schisandrin B, isoliquiritigenin, calenduloside E, berberine, Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and so on) as well as
TCM herb pairs, compound formulas, and related preparations (couplet medicinals of Fuzi-Ganjiang, Yixin formula, Shuangshen
ningxin capsule, Baijin formula, Yiqi huoxue decoction and so on), can alleviate MIRI by activating MQC to reduce oxidative
stress-induced damage, promote mitochondrial biogenesis, maintain mitochondrial fission/fusion homeostasis, regulate
mitochondrial autophagy, and restore mitochondrial calcium homeostasis.
KEYWORDS traditional Chinese medicine; myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury; mitochondrial quality control
[1]
近年来,随着疾病谱的不断改变,缺血性心脏病已 jury,MIRI),进而影响患者预后 。MIRI 是常见的心脏
成为日益严峻的健康挑战,其标准治疗手段在于迅速恢 病理过程,是一系列复杂机制共同作用的结果,这些机
复缺血心肌的血流灌注,以预防心肌细胞遭受致命性损 制包括代谢变化、线粒体功能障碍、炎症加重、自噬失调
伤。虽然再灌注是当前缩小心肌梗死面积并降低患者 和氧自由基过度产生等 。目前,西医尚缺乏治疗MIRI
[2]
死亡率的重要临床策略,但该策略可能会进一步导致心 的特效药物和方法,故缺血性心脏病患者因 MIRI 死亡
肌缺血再灌注损伤(myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in‐ 的概率仍然较高 。随着中医药研究的不断深入,其在
[3]
改善MIRI领域表现出多靶点、多途径、低毒副作用的独
Δ 基金项目 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(No.2023ZXZX1156, 特优势,已得到临床的普遍认可并得以应用。
No.2023ZY1001) 心肌细胞作为高耗能细胞,其收缩功能依赖线粒体
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治心血管疾病。
持续产生的腺苷三磷酸(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)。
E-mail:zhanggaojing214@163.com
# 通信作者 主任医师,博士生导师。研究方向:循证医学、心脏病 线粒体质量控制(mitochondrial quality control,MQC)作
学。E-mail:liuxincan103@163.com 为线粒体能量代谢和细胞稳态的关键调控机制,可通过
· 1542 · China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 12 中国药房 2025年第36卷第12期