Page 13 - 《中国药房》2025年8期

·药事管理·

我国公立中医类医院中药师（士）发展现状分析及建议
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薛宝娟 ，武 宁 ，赵 阳 ，葛君书 ，王 毅 ，刘哲园 ，杨照珩 ，孙 颖 （1.国家中医药管理局监测统计中
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心，北京 100027；2.河北中医药大学中医学院，石家庄 050299）
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2025）08-0903-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.08.02
摘 要 目的 了解我国公立中医类医院中药师（士）发展现状和存在问题，为主管部门科学制定中药师（士）管理政策、促进中医
药事业健康发展提供建议。方法 收集2019－2023年我国公立中医类医院的中药师（士）数量和职称等相关数据，采用描述性分
析法对全国公立中医类医院的中药师（士）数量、分布、职称情况进行分析，并测算我国公立中医类医院的中药师（士）缺口数量。
结果 2019－2023 年，我国公立中医类医院中药师（士）数增长缓慢，年均增长率为 2.56%，但中药师（士）占公立中医类医院药师
（士）总数的比例逐渐下降，年均增长率为－0.65%。从医院等级来看，三级公立中医类医院中药师（士）数呈现正增长，而二级和一
级公立中医类医院中药师（士）数呈现负增长。从医院类型来看，中医医院的中药师（士）数年均增长率为2.22%，中西医结合医院
年均增长率为7.97%，少数民族医医院年均增长率为2.74%。各省份的中药师（士）发展不均衡，贵州中药师（士）数年均增长率超
过10%，湖南和黑龙江两省份为负增长。2023年，全国公立中医类医院每千人口的中药师（士）数为0.03人，配备数量较少；中药师
（士）的职称构成以初级和中级为主，合计达67.33%。按照中药专业技术人员占药学专业技术人员的比例不低于60%测算，公立
中医医院和中西医结合医院应分别再配置中药师（士）6 212人和1 288人。结论 我国公立中医类医院中药师（士）数量增长缓慢，
配备较少，职称不高，且在各省份的配备及发展不均衡。建议相关主管部门加强政策引导，提高对中药师（士）的重视程度，加强中
药师（士）人才队伍建设，提升中药师（士）素质，增加中药师（士）人才配置，以推动中医药服务高质量发展。
关键词 公立中医类医院；中医医院；中西医结合医院；少数民族医医院；中药师；中药士；数量缺口

Development status analysis and suggestions of TCM pharmacists in Chinese public TCM hospitals
XUE Baojuan ，WU Ning ，ZHAO Yang ，GE Junshu ，WANG Yi ，LIU Zheyuan ，YANG Zhaoheng ，SUN Ying 1
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（1. Monitoring and Statistical Research Center， National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine，
Beijing 100027， China；2. College of TCM， Hebei University of Chinese Medicine， Shijiazhuang 050299，
China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To understand the development status and existing problems of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）
pharmacists in public TCM hospitals in China， aiming to provide suggestions for the competent departments to formulate
management policies for TCM pharmacists and promote the healthy development of TCM. METHODS The data on the number and
professional titles of TCM pharmacists in public TCM hospitals in China from 2019 to 2023 were collected. Descriptive analysis
was employed to analyze the number， distribution and professional titles of TCM pharmacists in public TCM hospitals across the
country， and to measure the quantity shortfalls of the number of TCM pharmacists in these hospitals. RESULTS From 2019 to
2023， the number of TCM pharmacists in public TCM hospitals in China grew slowly， with an average annual growth rate of
2.56%. However， the proportion of TCM pharmacists to the total number of pharmacists in public TCM hospitals gradually
decreased， with an average annual growth rate of －0.65%. In terms of hospital grades， the number of TCM pharmacists in tertiary
public TCM hospitals showed positive growth， while those in secondary and primary public TCM hospitals showed negative
growth. In terms of hospital types， the average annual growth rate of TCM pharmacists in TCM hospitals was 2.22%， in integrated
Chinese and Western medicine hospitals it was 7.97%， and in ethnic minority medicine hospitals it was 2.74%. The development of
TCM pharmacists in different provinces was uneven. The annual growth rate of TCM pharmacists in Guizhou exceeded 10%， while
the growth rate in Hunan and Heilongjiang was negative. In
Δ 基金项目 国家中医药管理局中医药数字便民和综合统计体系 2023， the number of TCM pharmacists per thousand
建设项目（No.GHC-2023-WTBS-009） population in public TCM hospitals was 0.03， indicating a
＊第一作者 助理研究员，博士。研究方向：中药学、中医药统计。
relatively low staffing level. The professional titles of TCM
E-mail：baojuanx@126.com
# 通信作者 主治医师。研究方向：中医药统计、卫生事业管理。 pharmacists in public TCM hospitals were mainly primary and
E-mail：601907549@qq.com intermediate， with a total of 67.33%. According to the

中国药房 2025年第36卷第8期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 8 · 903 ·