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克拉霉素潜在不良药物相互作用分析及精细化前置审方规则建立                                                                      Δ



          汪 龙 ,张 莉 ,朱玲娜 ,张冠军 ,程 军(1.蚌埠市第三人民医院药学部,安徽 蚌埠 233099;2.蚌埠医科
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          大学第二附属医院药学部,安徽 蚌埠 233004)
          中图分类号  R969.2      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)08-0986-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.08.17
          摘   要  目的  分析克拉霉素的潜在不良药物相互作用(pADIs),建立精细化前置审方规则。方法  利用医院信息系统收集2024
          年1月1日至6月30日蚌埠市第三人民医院门诊开具的克拉霉素联合用药处方,依据Lexicomp和Micromedex数据库对与克拉霉
          素有pADIs的药物进行风险鉴别和分级,再根据鉴别和风险等级结果建立克拉霉素pADIs的精细化前置审方规则。结果  共纳入
          克拉霉素联合用药处方3 046张,其中812张处方存在pADIs,共发生946例次pADIs;分级为“禁忌”“严重”和“中度”的分别有6、
          415和525例次;“禁忌”等级的联用药物为坦索罗辛、卢帕他定、多潘立酮和替格瑞洛,“严重”等级的主要为茶碱类、地塞米松和氨
          氯地平等。建立了26项精细化审方规则,包括“警示信息→处方拦截”4项、“警示信息→处方双签确认”11项和“注意信息→处方
          通过”11项。结论  该院克拉霉素与其联用药物存在“禁忌”“严重”风险;成功建立了用于克拉霉素联合用药处方的精细化前置审
          方规则。
          关键词  克拉霉素;潜在不良药物相互作用;处方前置审核

          Analysis  of  clarithromycin  potential  adverse  drug  interactions  and  establishment  of  refined  prescription
          pre-review rules
          WANG Long ,ZHANG Li ,ZHU Lingna ,ZHANG Guanjun ,CHENG Jun(1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  Third
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          People’s  Hospital  of  Bengbu,  Anhui  Bengbu  233099,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  Second  Affiliated
          Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Anhui Bengbu 233004, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  analyze  the  potential  adverse  drug  interactions (pADIs)  of  clarithromycin,  and  establish  refined
          prescription pre-review rules. METHODS Outpatient prescriptions of clarithromycin in combination with other drugs were collected
          from January 1, 2024 to June 30, 2024 through hospital information system of the Third People’s Hospital of Bengbu. pADIs were
          identified  and  their  risk  severities  were  graded  according  to  Lexicomp  and  Micromedex  databases.  Then,  refined  prescription  pre-
          review  rules  for  clarithromycin  pADIs-related  drugs  were  established  according  to  the  identification  and  risk  level  results.
          RESULTS  Among  3  046  clarithromycin  combined  drug  prescriptions,  946  cases  of  pADIs  occurred  in  812  prescriptions.  There
          were  6,  415  and  525  cases  classified  as “contraindicated”, “major”  and “moderate”,  respectively.  The  combination  drugs  with
         “contraindicated”  levels  were  tamsulosin,  rupatadine,  domperidone  and  ticagrelor,  while  those  with “major”  levels  were  mainly
          theophylline,  dexamethasone  and  amlodipine.  Accordingly,  26  refined  rules  were  established,  including  4  items  of “warning
          information→prescription  interception”,  11  items  of “warning  information→prescription  double  signature”  and  11  items  of
         “attention  information→prescription  approval”.  CONCLUSIONS  There  are “contraindicated”  and “major”  risks  associated  with
          clarithromycin and its combination drugs in the hospital, and refined prescription pre-review rules for clarithromycin combined drug
          prescription have been established successfully.
          KEYWORDS     clarithromycin; potential adverse drug interactions; prescription pre-review


              克拉霉素是一种半合成14元环的红霉素衍生物,属                         他药物发生潜在不良药物相互作用(potential adverse
          于第二代大环内酯类抗菌药物,具有半衰期长、对酸稳                            drug interactions,pADIs)的风险最高 。本课题组前期
                                                                                             [3]
          定、生物利用度高和患者耐受性好等特点;该药对革兰                            研究发现,蚌埠市第三人民医院(以下简称“我院”)门诊
          氏阳性菌、厌氧菌、支原体及衣原体等均有抗菌活性,已                           处方中,克拉霉素与磺酰脲类降糖药、钙拮抗剂等药物
          广泛用于治疗支气管炎、肺炎、百日咳、咽炎、鼻窦炎、毛                          联用存在pADIs,如导致患者低血糖、血压降低和急性肾
          囊炎和幽门螺杆菌感染等疾病              [1―2] 。大环内酯类抗菌药          衰竭等,因此需要加强监测及干预              [4―5] 。近年来,我国各
          物为代谢酶细胞色素 P450(cytochrome P450,CYP)3A4              级卫生健康委要求医疗机构积极推进处方前置审核工
          和转运体 P 糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)的底物及抑制               作的信息化建设,例如有学者开展了基于循证医学证据
          剂,其中以克拉霉素对 CYP3A4 的抑制作用最强,与其                        的处方审核,提高了信息化审方的同质性和规范性 。
                                                                                                           [6]
                                                              因此,本研究调查了我院门诊开具的克拉霉素联合用药
              Δ 基金项目 蚌埠市科技创新指导类项目(No.2024ZD0050)
             *第一作者 副主任药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:                 处方,依据循证医学证据对处方中存在pADIs的药物进
          wanglong811@126.com                                 行鉴别及分级(发现联合用药处方存在的问题),通过合


          · 986 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 8                               中国药房  2025年第36卷第8期
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