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道,Rac1/Akt/NF-κB信号通路可能是药物改善急性肺炎                    [ 6 ]  ZHANG Q,LI J Y,ZHONG H X,et al. The mechanism
                                    [15]
          模型大鼠炎症反应的潜在靶点 。本研究结果显示,经                                of  nicotinamide on  reducing acute lung injury by  inhibi-
          SP诱导后,HPAEpiC细胞中Rac1蛋白的表达显著上调,                          ting MAPK and NF-κB signal pathway[J]. Mol Med,
          Akt、NF-κB蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著升高;经低、中、高                           2021,27(1):115.
                                                             [ 7 ]  范彩霞,张宗林,伏瑶,等. 金合欢素通过调节Sirt1介导
          浓度PEI处理后,细胞中Rac1蛋白的表达呈浓度依赖性
                                                                  的AMPK/Nrf2信号通路改善肺炎链球菌感染引起的肺
          下调,Akt、NF-κB 蛋白的磷酸化水平呈浓度依赖性降
                                                                  泡上皮细胞损伤[J]. 中国免疫学杂志,2024,40(3):
          低,提示PEI减轻SP诱导的肺组织炎症和氧化应激损伤
                                                                  513-518.
          的作用可能与抑制 Rac1/Akt/NF-κB 信号通路有关。为
                                                             [ 8 ]  高智波,刘娟,刘毓屾,等. 乙酰半胱氨酸通过激活PI3K/
          验证上述假设,本研究以高浓度 PEI 联合 Akt 通路激活
                                                                  AKT信号通路抑制脂多糖诱导的肺泡上皮细胞活力降
          剂 SC79 对 HPAEpiC 细胞进行了干预,结果显示,PEI 对                     低和炎症反应[J]. 中国组织化学与细胞化学杂志,2023,
          细胞的保护作用被SC79显著逆转,提示PEI可能通过抑                             32(3):229-235.
          制 Rac1/Akt/NF- κB 信 号 通 路 来 改 善 SP 诱 导 的 AEC       [ 9 ]  CHEN Z Q,ZHENG B J,ZHANG Z W,et al. Protective
          损伤。                                                     role  of  FBXL19  in  Streptococcus  pneumoniae-induced
              综上所述,PEI可减轻SP诱导的AEC炎症和氧化应                           lung injury in pneumonia immature mice[J]. J Cardiotho‐
          激损伤,抑制细胞凋亡,上述作用可能是通过抑制Rac1/                             rac Surg,2023,18(1):92.
          Akt/NF-κB 信号通路而实现的。然而,本研究仅通过细                      [10]  KONG  L  M,DENG  J,ZHOU  X,et  al.  Sitagliptin  acti‐
          胞实验对 PEI 的保护作用及机制进行了初步探究,尚需                             vates  the  p62-Keap1-Nrf2  signaling  pathway  to  alleviate
                                                                  oxidative  stress  and  excessive  autophagy  in  severe  acute
          体内实验进一步探究。
                                                                  pancreatitis-related  acute  lung  injury[J].  Cell  Death  Dis,
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          中国药房  2025年第36卷第7期                                                 China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 7    · 825 ·
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