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·药物与临床·
利多卡因致心脏毒性的文献分析
Δ
姑丽尼格尔·艾尼瓦尔 1, 2* ,程明霞 ,谢 菡 (1.中国药科大学南京鼓楼医院药学部,南京 210008;2.中国
4 #
3, 4
药科大学基础医学与临床药学学院,南京 210009;3.南京中医药大学鼓楼临床医学院,南京 210009;4.南京
大学医学院附属鼓楼医院药学部,南京 210008)
中图分类号 R969.3;R971+.2 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)02-0208-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.02.13
摘 要 目的 探讨利多卡因致心脏毒性的临床特征,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法 以“利多卡因”“心脏毒性”“lidocaine”
“cardiotoxicity”等为中英文检索词,检索中国知网、万方数据、维普网、PubMed和Embase,收集利多卡因致心脏毒性相关文献并进
行描述性分析。结果 共纳入31篇文献,共计40例患者。40例患者中,男性23例、女性17例;年龄5个月~73岁,包括≤18岁患
者4例、19~59岁17例、≥60岁19例。用药指征以手术麻醉为主(26例),给药途径以静脉给药、神经阻滞麻醉、局部浸润麻醉为
主(15、6、6例);34例患者的用药剂量均符合药品说明书规定;心脏毒性发生时间以用药后1 min~1 h最多(19例),主要症状为心
动过缓、心房传导速度减慢、房室传导阻滞、窦性停搏等。34例患者经抢救和对症治疗后好转,6例患者死亡。结论 利多卡因致
心脏毒性可发生在各年龄段,以用药后1 h内为主,主要表现为心律失常、心跳过快或过慢、房室传导阻滞等,且病情严重。临床在
使用该药时,应加强对用药剂量、给药途径、毒性反应等的药学监护;出现相关症状时,应及时停药并进行对症治疗,以保障患者的
用药安全。
关键词 利多卡因;心脏毒性;麻醉药;用药安全;文献分析
Literature analysis of cardiotoxicity caused by lidocaine
Gulinigeer·Ainiwaer ,CHENG Mingxia ,XIE Han(1. Dept. of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,
3, 4
1, 2
4
China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210008, China;2. School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy,
China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;3. Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College,
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210009, China;4. Dept. of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower
Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of cardiotoxicity caused by lidocaine, and provide a reference
for the safe use of drug in clinical practice. METHODS Chinese and English search terms, such as “lidocaine” “cardiotoxicity”,
were used to search for literature related to lidocaine-induced cardiac toxicity from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed and
Embase, and conduct descriptive analysis. RESULTS A total of 31 papers were included, with 40 patients. Of the 40 patients, 23
were male and 17 were female; ages ranged from 5 months to 73 years, with 4 patients≤18 years old, 17 patients 19-59 years
old, and 19 patients≥60 years old. The main indications for medication were surgical anesthesia (26 cases), and the main routes
of administration were intravenous administration, nerve block anesthesia and local infiltration anesthesia (15, 6, 6 cases); the
dosage of medication for 34 patients complied with the instructions; the most of cardiotoxicity occurred 1 min-1 h after medication
(19 cases), and the main symptoms were bradycardia, atrial conduction slowing, atrioventricular block, sinus arrest, etc. Thirty-
four patients improved after resuscitation and symptomatic treatment, and six patients died. CONCLUSIONS Lidocaine-induced
cardiotoxicity can occur in all ages, mainly within 1 h after administration, and is manifested as arrhythmia, tachycardia or
tachycardia, atrioventricular block, etc., which is severe. When using it clinically, it is necessary to strengthen pharmaceutical
monitoring of medication dosage, administration route, toxic reactions, etc.; when relevant symptoms appear, medication should
be stopped promptly and symptomatic treatment should be carried out, to protect the safety of drug use.
KEYWORDS lidocaine; cardiotoxicity; anesthetic; safety of drug use; literature analysis
Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(No.72104105) 利多卡因是中效酰胺类局部麻醉药和Ⅰb类抗心律
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 E-mail:
失常药,该药能可逆性结合钠离子通道并保持其开放,
gulnigar214@sina.com
# 通信作者 副主任药师,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:临床药 从而发挥局部麻醉作用。利多卡因于 1948 年在美国获
学。E-mail:185759811@qq.com 批上市,因具有起效快、组织穿透性强等优点,而被临床
· 208 · China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 2 中国药房 2025年第36卷第2期