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·药事管理·
我国医保谈判药品落地问题的多重制度逻辑分析与政策建议
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李梦颖 ,伍 琳,王昕妍,陈永法(中国药科大学国际医药商学院,南京 211198)
中图分类号 R197;R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2024)14-1683-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.14.02
摘 要 目的 厘清国家医保谈判药品(简称“国谈药”)落地难的制度逻辑,促进国谈药在医疗机构落地使用。方法 基于医疗机
构所处的复杂制度环境,以多重制度逻辑理论构建医疗机构行为选择的分析框架,阐明国谈药落地过程中多重逻辑的互动与冲
突,揭示国谈药落地难的机制,并提出应对措施。结果与结论 国谈药落地存在国家逻辑、市场逻辑、社会逻辑及专业逻辑四者间
不同程度的矛盾与耦合。在多重逻辑博弈中,市场逻辑与专业逻辑倾向规避风险、国家逻辑的“压力型体制”失效、社会逻辑的作
用不具有强制性,共同造成了当前医疗机构以完成绩效考核为目标而配备使用国谈药的行动力不足的局面。建议各级政府部门
及医疗机构应以政策松绑解除国谈药落地的隐形限制、以激励约束形成医疗机构压力与动力、以绿色采购通道及时回应临床需
求、以社会力量构建多方参与国谈药落地监督等,从而改善国谈药的落地效果。
关键词 医保谈判药品;多重制度逻辑;医疗机构;制度环境;行为选择
Multiple institutional logics analysis and policy suggestions on the use of national medical insurance
negotiation drugs
LI Mengying,WU Lin,WANG Xinyan,CHEN Yongfa(School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China
Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To clarify the institutional logics of the dilemma of the use of national medical insurance negotiation
drugs(referred to as “national negotiation drugs”), and promote the implementation and use of these drugs in medical institutions.
METHODS Based on the complex institutional environment in which medical institutions were situated, the theory of multiple
institutional logics was used to construct an analytical framework for the behavioral choices of medical institutions, and reveal the
mechanism of the difficulty in the use of national negotiation drugs by clarifying the interaction and conflict of multiple logics in
this process, so as to put forward some measures. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS There were contradictions and coupling among
the state logic, market logic, social logic and professional logic in the use of national negotiation drugs. In the game of multiple
logics, the market logic and professional logic tended to be risk-averse, the failed “pressure-type system” of state logic, and the
social logic was weakened, which caused the lack of action in the use of national negotiation drugs with the goal of completing
performance evaluations in the current medical institutions. Thus, it is suggested to unbundle the invisible policy restrictions on the
use of national negotiation drugs, form the pressure and motivation of medical institutions by incentive and constraint mechanisms,
respond to the clinical demand by establishing a green procurement channel, and construct the supervision mechanism on the use of
national negotiation drugs by social force, etc., so as to enhance the effect of the national negotiation drugs.
KEYWORDS medical insurance negotiation drugs; multiple institutional logics; medical institutions; institutional environment;
behavioral choices
自我国实施医保药品谈判制度以来,医保谈判工作 格、缓解人民群众用药负担、提高创新药可及性等方面
在丰富医保目录药品数量与种类、大幅降低创新药价 取得了显著成效。然而,药品价格在降低的同时,仍有
部分国家医保谈判药品(以下简称“国谈药”)尚未入院
Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.72304280);国家级
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.202410316043Z);江苏高校哲学社 使用,国谈药落地难、进院难问题使谈判效果大打折扣。
会科学研究一般项目(No.2022SJYB0073) 随着医保谈判制度的常态化,国谈药落地难的问题已然
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:医药政策与法规。E-mail:
引起各方重视。2021年,国家医保局会同国家卫生健康
limengying_121@163.com
委出台“双通道”政策,为患者开辟了更多获得国谈药的
# 通信作者 教授,博士生导师。研究方向:医药政策与法规。E-
mail:cyf990@163.com 渠道,对国谈药落地难问题起到一定程度的缓解与改
中国药房 2024年第35卷第14期 China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 14 · 1683 ·