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COPD患者吸入制剂用药不依从风险预测模型构建 Δ
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于小杰 ,赵艳敏,胡爱玲,杨文明,王 娜(秦皇岛市第一医院药学部,河北 秦皇岛 066000)
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中图分类号 R974 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2024)11-1391-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.11.19
摘 要 目的 构建慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者吸入制剂用药不依从风险预测模型。方法 回顾性分析秦皇岛市第一医院咳喘药学服
务门诊2021年10月-2023年10月收治的365例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者信息,将2021年10月-2023年6月收治的患者作为模型
组(n=303),2023年7-10月收治的患者作为验证组(n=62),模型组分为依从亚组(n=126)和不依从亚组(n=177),通过单因素
分析结合多因素Logistic回归分析患者使用吸入制剂不依从的危险因素。根据回归分析结果建立风险预测模型,并以验证组患者
为对象,评价所建模型预测的准确性。结果 多因素Logistic回归分析显示,同时使用2个吸入制剂(OR=3.730,95%CI为1.996~
6.971,P<0.001)、一年内急性加重次数≥2次(OR=2.509,95%CI为1.509~4.173,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=2.167,95%CI为1.309~
3.588,P=0.003)、合并焦虑/抑郁(OR=2.112,95%CI为1.257~3.499,P=0.004)、改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难问卷评级≥
2级(OR=1.701,95%CI为1.014~2.853,P=0.044)是患者使用吸入制剂不依从的危险因素。基于此建立风险预测模型,绘制受
试者工作特征曲线,可得模型组、验证组的曲线下面积分别为0.836、0.928,模型预测的总体准确率为88.71%。结论 基于同时使
用2个吸入制剂、一年内急性加重次数≥2次、吸烟、合并焦虑/抑郁、mMRC评级≥2级建立的风险预测模型对COPD患者使用吸
入制剂不依从风险具有一定的预测价值。
关键词 慢性阻塞性肺疾病;吸入制剂;依从性;风险预测模型;危险因素
Construction of risk prediction model for non-compliance with inhalation medication in COPD patients
YU Xiaojie,ZHAO Yanmin,HU Ailing,YANG Wenming,WANG Na(Dept. of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of
Qinhuangdao, Hebei Qinhuangdao 066000, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To construct a risk prediction model for non-compliance with inhaled medication in patients with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 365 COPD patients
admitted to the cough and wheeze pharmaceutical care clinic of the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from October 2021 to October
2023. The patients admitted from October 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the model group (n=303), and the patients admitted
from July to October 2023 were selected as the validation group (n=62). The model group was divided into compliance subgroup
(n=126) and non-compliance subgroup (n=177). Univariate analysis combined with multivariate Logistic regression analysis were
used to analyze the risk factors for non-compliance with inhaled formulations in patients; the risk prediction model was established
through regression analysis, and the accuracy of the model prediction was evaluated based on the validation group of patients.
RESULTS Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that simultaneous use of 2 inhaled formulations (OR=3.730, 95%CI
1.996-6.971, P<0.001), the number of acute exacerbations within one year ≥2 (OR=2.509, 95%CI 1.509-4.173, P<0.001),
smoking (OR=2.167, 95%CI 1.309-3.588, P=0.003), complicated with anxiety/depression (OR=2.112, 95%CI 1.257-3.499,
P=0.004) and mMRC grading≥2 levels (OR=1.701, 95%CI 1.014-2.853, P=0.044) were risk factors for non-compliance with
inhaled preparations. Based on this, a risk prediction model was established and the ROC curve was drawn. The areas under the
curve of the model group and validation group were 0.836 and 0.928, and the overall accuracy of the model’s prediction was
88.71%. CONCLUSIONS The predictive model based on the simultaneous use of 2 inhaled formulations, the number of acute
exacerbations within one year ≥2, smoking, complicated with anxiety/depression, mMRC grading ≥2 levels has certain predictive
value for the risk of non-compliance with inhaled formulations for COPD patients.
KEYWORDS chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; inhaled formulations; compliance; risk prediction model; risk factors
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary 防和治疗的慢性气道疾病 。由于吸入制剂的疗效和安
[1]
disease,COPD)是最常见的慢性气道疾病,也是“健康中 全性优于口服制剂,故首选吸入治疗作为COPD稳定期
国2030”行动计划中重点防治的疾病,是一种常见、可预 的治疗方法 。患者良好的依从性是COPD患者疾病治
[2]
[3]
Δ 基金项目 秦 皇 岛 市 科 学 技 术 研 究 与 发 展 计 划 项 目(No. 疗有效的关键 ,但真实世界研究显示,近50%的患者无
201902A210) 法长期维持吸入装置的正确使用,对医嘱的低依从性是
*第一作者 副主任药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。电话: 慢性疾病患者治疗结局差的主要原因之一 [4―5] 。如何提
0335-5908439。E-mail:yuxiaojie213@163.com
# 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:医院药学。电话:0335- 高患者使用吸入制剂的依从性是药师在药学服务中的
5908456。E-mail:wangncqhd@163.com 重点难点。本研究通过回顾性分析我院咳喘药学服务
中国药房 2024年第35卷第11期 China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 11 · 1391 ·