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1 例先天性心脏病术后房扑伴房颤合并前置胎盘出血及血小板

          减少先兆流产患者的药学监护
                                                         Δ

                *
          王 庆 ,全淑燕(陆军军医大学第二附属医院药剂科,重庆 400037)
                          #
          中图分类号  R969.3;R714.21      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)08-1006-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.08.19

          摘   要  目的  为先天性心脏病术后心房扑动伴心房颤动(以下简称“房扑伴房颤”)合并前置胎盘出血及血小板减少先兆流产患
          者的安全用药提供参考。方法  临床药师参与1例先天性心脏病术后房扑伴房颤合并前置胎盘出血及血小板减少先兆流产患者
          的诊治过程,针对其使用依诺肝素钠后出现的血小板下降,建议停用依诺肝素钠,复查血常规后改为磺达肝癸钠;针对患者心率
          快、血压低,建议选择美托洛尔并根据心率调整剂量,同时将呋塞米改为氢氯噻嗪;针对医师拟于剖宫产术前停用美托洛尔,改为
          索他洛尔,建议继续使用美托洛尔;针对患者可能出现的药物相互作用,建议密切监测血钾等指标,并进行用药教育。结果  医师
          采纳临床药师建议。患者出血得到控制,住院期间各项指标均维持稳定,孕周延长,并顺利行剖宫产术。结论  临床药师通过参与
          先天性心脏病术后房扑伴房颤合并前置胎盘出血及血小板减少先兆流产患者的治疗过程,以药物不良反应、药物相互作用及患者
          用药教育为切入点,为患者制定个体化用药方案,确保了用药的安全性和有效性。
          关键词  先天性心脏病术后;心房扑动;心房颤动;血小板减少;前置胎盘出血;先兆流产;临床药师;特殊人群

          Pharmaceutical  care  for  a  patient  with  atrial  flutter,  atrial  fibrillation,  placenta  praevia  hemorrhage  and
          thrombocytopenia-threatened abortion after operation of congenital heart disease
          WANG Qing,QUAN Shuyan(Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  Second Affiliated  Hospital  of Army  Medical  University,
          Chongqing 400037, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  provide  a  reference  for  the  safe  administration  of  patients  with  atrial  flutter,  atrial  fibrillation,
          placenta  praevia  hemorrhage  and  thrombocytopenia-threatened  abortion  after  the  operation  of  congenital  heart  disease.  METHODS
          Clinical  pharmacists  participated  in  the  diagnosis  and  treatment  of  a  patient  with  atrial  flutter,  atrial  fibrillation,  placenta  praevia
          hemorrhage  and  thrombocytopenia-threatened  abortion  after  the  operation  of  congenital  heart  disease.  Given  the  thrombocytopenia
          caused by enoxaparin sodium, pharmacists suggested to stop enoxaparin sodium and change it to fondaparinux sodium after a blood
          routine  review.  For  the  patient  with  fast  heart  rate  and  low  blood  pressure,  pharmacists  recommended  to  choose  metoprolol  and
          adjust the dosage according to the heart rate, and change furosemide to hydrochlorothiazide. Pharmacists recommended to continue
          using metoprolol regarding doctors’ plan to replace metoprolol with sotalol before cesarean section. For possible drug interactions in
          the  patient,  pharmacists  recommended  to  closely  monitor  blood  potassium  and  other  indicators,  and  provided  drug  education.
          RESULTS  The doctors adopted the advice of clinical pharmacists. The patient’s bleeding was controlled, the indicators were kept
          stable  during  hospitalization,  the  gestational  week  was  extended  smoothly,  and  the  cesarean  section  was  successfully  performed.
          CONCLUSIONS  By participating in the treatment of the patient with atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, placenta praevia hemorrhage
          and  thrombocytopenia-threatened  abortion  after  the  operation  of  congenital  heart  disease,  clinical  pharmacists  formulate
          individualized  medication  plans  for  the  patient  based  on  adverse  drug  reactions,  drug  interactions  and  medication  education,
          ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medication.
          KEYWORDS     postoperative  congenital  heart  disease;  atrial  flutter;  atrial  fibrillation;  thrombocytopenia;  placenta  praevia
          hemorrhage; threatened abortion; clinical pharmacist; specific population


              妊娠合并心脏病的发病率为0.5%~3.0%,是严重的                      引发各种妊娠、分娩并发症,严重影响孕产妇和胎儿的
                                                        [1]
          产科合并症,也是导致孕产妇死亡的前3位死因之一 。                           生命安全    [2―3] 。前置胎盘指胎盘下缘毗邻或覆盖子宫颈
          在妊娠合并心脏病患者中,先天性心脏病(以下简称“先                           内口,是导致孕妇妊娠晚期出血及胎儿早产的重要原
          心病”)患者数量位居首位,占该类患者的 80% 左右,易                        因,与围产期孕妇局部感染、大出血甚至休克和胎儿窘
                                                              迫等并发症及死亡的发生密切相关 。血小板(platelet,
                                                                                            [4]
              Δ 基金项目 重庆市临床药学重点专科建设项目(No. 渝卫办发
                                                              PLT)减少症为产科常见血液疾病,主要由PLT受损增加
          〔2023〕69号)                                          或生成减少所致,其机制涉及免疫系统遭到破坏、PLT
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:药事管理、临床药学。
          E-mail:wqercq@163.com                               异常激活、大量出血等,若不及时治疗可导致产妇分娩
              # 通信作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:妇产科临床药学。                    时大出血和新生儿颅内出血等,严重威胁产妇和胎儿的
                                                                  [5]
          E-mail:597834270@qq.com                             生命 。心房颤动(以下简称“房颤”)是常见的持续性心

          · 1006 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 8                              中国药房  2024年第35卷第8期
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