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          新型口服抗凝剂治疗癌症患者静脉血栓栓塞有效性及安全性的
          Meta分析
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          王祖秀 ,李旭欢 ,尤培蒙 ,朱挺德 ,陈黎旭 ,燕肄群 ,潘永平 (1.南昌大学第四附属医院全科医学科,南
                                                    1
                                            1
          昌 330003;2. 江西省肿瘤医院胸部肿瘤放疗科,南昌 330029;3. 江西省肿瘤医院全科医学科,南昌
          330029)
          中图分类号  R973+.2      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)07-0842-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.07.13
          摘   要  目的  系统评价癌症相关静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)患者使用新型口服抗凝剂(NOAC)的有效性和安全性。方法  检索
          PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库,检索时限为各数据库建库起至2023年8月,收集低分
          子肝素(LMWH,对照组)对比NOAC(试验组)治疗癌症相关VTE患者疗效的随机对照试验(RCT),对纳入临床研究进行资料提
          取后,采用RevMan 5.0 统计软件进行Meta分析。结果  共计纳入7项RCT,合计3 790例癌症相关VTE患者。与对照组相比,试
          验组患者的VTE复发率(RR=0.65,95%CI为0.51~0.82,P=0.000 4)显著降低,而其大出血发生率略高于对照组,但差异无统计
          学意义(RR=1.13,95%CI 为 0.83~1.53,P=0.45)。试验组患者的临床相关非主要大出血(RR=1.69,95%CI 为 1.34~2.13,P<
          0.000 01)、消化道出血(RR=1.96,95%CI为1.15~3.34,P=0.01)发生率均较对照组显著升高。两组患者颅内出血发生率、全因死
          亡率、致死性肺栓塞发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论  对于癌症相关VTE患者,NOAC在预防VTE复发方面优
          于LMWH,在大出血、颅内出血、全因死亡、致死性肺栓塞方面不劣于LMWH。
          关键词  癌症;静脉血栓栓塞;抗凝药;低分子肝素;新型口服抗凝剂

          Meta-analysis  of  the  efficacy  and  safety  of  novel  oral  anticoagulants  in  the  treatment  of  venous
          thromboembolism in cancer patients
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          WANG Zuxiu ,LI Xuhuan ,YOU Peimeng ,ZHU Tingde ,CHEN Lixu ,YAN Yiqun ,PAN Yongping(1.  Dept.
                                                                         1
                                                                                      3
          of General Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330003, China;2. Dept.
          of  Chest  Tumor  Radiotherapy,  Jiangxi  Cancer  Hospital,  Nanchang  330029,  China;3.  Dept.  of  General
          Medicine, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  systematically  evaluate  the  efficacy  and  safety  of  novel  oral  anticoagulants (NOAC)  in  the
          treatment  of  cancer-related  venous  thromboembolism (VTE)  patients.  METHODS  Retrieved  from  PubMed,  Cochrane  Library,
          Embase,  Web  of  Science,  CNKI,  and  Wanfang  database  from  the  establishment  of  each  database  to August,  2023,  randomized
          controlled  trials (RCTs)  about  the  efficacy  of  low-molecular-weight  heparin (LMWH,  control  group)  versus  NOAC (trial  group)
          in the treatment of cancer-related VTE patients were collected. After extracting the data from included clinical studies, meta-analysis
          was  performed  by  using  RevMan  5.0  statistical  software.  RESULTS  A  total  of  7  RCTs  were  included,  with  a  total  of  3  790
          patients.  Compared  with  the  control  group,  the  recurrence  rate  of  VTE  in  the  trial  group  was  significantly  reduced (RR=0.65,
          95%CI  0.51-0.82,  P=0.000  4),  while  the  incidence  of  major  bleeding  was  slightly  higher  than  in  the  control  group,  but  the
          difference  was  not  statistically  significant (RR=1.13,  95%CI  0.83-1.53,  P=0.45). The  incidence  of  clinically  relevant  non-major
          bleeding (RR=1.69, 95%CI 1.34-2.13, P<0.000 01) and gastrointestinal bleeding (RR=1.96, 95%CI 1.15-3.34, P=0.01) in the
          trial  group  was  significantly  higher  than  in  the  control  group.  There  was  no  statistically  significant  difference  in  the  incidence  of
          intracranial  hemorrhage,  all-cause  mortality,  and  fatal  pulmonary  embolism  between  2  groups (P>0.05).  CONCLUSIONS  For
          cancer-related  VTE  patients,  NOAC  is  superior  to  LMWH  in  preventing  venous  thrombosis  recurrence,  and  is  not  inferior  to
                                                              LMWH  in  terms  of  major  bleeding,  intracranial  hemorrhage,
              Δ 基金项目 江 西 省 卫 生 健 康 委 科 技 计 划 项 目(No. SKJP_
                                                              all-cause mortality, and fatal pulmonary embolism.
          220210373)                                          KEYWORDS    cancer;  venous  thromboembolism;  anticoa-
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:老年静脉血栓防治与老年慢
          性病预防。E-mail:413008210002@email.ncu.edu.cn           gulant  drugs;  low-molecular-weight  heparin;  novel  oral
              # 通信作者 主任医师,教授,硕士生导师。研究方向:老年慢性病                 anticoagulants
          预防。E-mail:664001464@qq.com


          · 842 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 7                               中国药房  2024年第35卷第7期
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