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奥沙利铂相关神经系统不良事件数据挖掘与分析
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          范宝霞 ,孔 燕 ,刘 宁 ,杨 平 (1.济南市第四人民医院药学部,济南 250031;2.山东中医药大学第二附
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                                           1 #
                 1*
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          属医院药学部,济南 250001)
          中图分类号  R969.3      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)03-0348-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.03.15

          摘   要  目的  挖掘奥沙利铂相关神经系统不良事件(ADE),为临床安全用药提供参考。方法  收集美国FDA不良事件报告系统
         (FAERS)2004年1月1日至2022年12月31日上报的奥沙利铂相关神经系统ADE数据。采用报告比值比法和比例报告比值法进
          行数据挖掘,利用国际医学用语词典(MedDRA)(26.0版)药物ADE术语集中的系统器官分类、高位组语(HLGT)、首选术语(PT)
          进行分类统计。结果  共检索到各类神经系统疾病的奥沙利铂相关ADE报告7 266例,共挖掘出100个PT。其中,57个PT为奥沙
          利铂说明书中未记载的ADE信号。这些报告中,男性(46.85%)多于女性(42.98%),年龄以45~<75岁(65.22%)为主,意大利报
          告数量最多(16.32%);严重ADE以导致住院或住院时间延长为主(38.16%)。报告数排名前5位的PT分别为周围神经病、异常感
          觉、神经毒性、意识丧失、构音不良;信号强度排名前5位的PT分别为对冷有异样感觉、神经肌肉强直、急性多发性神经病、神经元
          神经病、轴索和脱髓鞘多发神经病。报告共涉及13个HLGT,以神经类疾病(不另分类)信号数最多(29个)。结论  临床在使用奥
          沙利铂时,不仅要监护发生率较高的急性、慢性周围神经病变,也要关注患者意识状态、神经病学症状,警惕格林巴利综合征、莱尔
          米特征、可逆性后部白质脑病综合征、高血氨性脑病等罕见不良反应,以确保患者用药安全。
          关键词  奥沙利铂;神经系统毒性;药品不良反应;信号挖掘

          Data mining and analysis of oxaliplatin-related adverse events of nervous system
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          FAN Baoxia ,KONG Yan ,LIU Ning ,YANG Ping(1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  Fourth  People’s  Hospital  of
          Jinan,  Jinan  250031,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  Second  Affiliated  Hospital  of  Shandong  University  of
          Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  provide  reference  for  clinically  safe  drug  use  by  mining  oxaliplatin-related  adverse  drug  events
         (ADE)  of  the  nervous  system.  METHODS  Oxaliplatin-related  neurologic ADE  data  reported  by  the  FDA  adverse  event  reporting
          system (FAERS)  between  January  1st,  2004  and  December  31st,  2022  were  collected.  The  reporting  odds  ratio  and  proportional
          reporting  ratio  were  used  for  data  mining. The  data  were  classified  statistically  by  using  systematic  organ  classification,  high-level
          group  term (HLGT)  and  preferred  term (PT)  in  the  MedDRA (version  26.0).  RESULTS  A  total  of  7  266  cases  of  oxaliplatin-
          related ADE,  which  were  classified  as  various  neurological,  were  retrieved,  and  100  PT  were  identified.  Of  these,  fifty-seven  PT
          were unspecified adverse reaction signals in the manual. Among these reports, males (46.85%) were more than females (42.98%),
          the  age  of  patients  was  45-<75  years (65.22%),  the  number  of  reports  was  highest  in  Italy (16.32%),  and  the  severe  type  was
          hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization (38.16%). The top 5 PT reports in the list of case number were peripheral neuropathy,
          paresthesia,  neurotoxicity,  loss  of  consciousness  and  dysarthria.  The  top  5  PT  reports  in  the  list  of  signal  intensities  were  cold-
          induced paresthesia, neuromuscular rigidity, acute polyneuropathy, neuronal neuropathy, axonal and demyelinating polyneuropathy.
          A  total  of  13  HLGT  were  involved,  with  neurological  diseases (not  classified  separately)  having  the  highest  number  of  signals
         (29). CONCLUSIONS When using oxaliplatin in clinical practice, it is not only necessary to monitor the high incidence of acute
          and  chronic  peripheral  neuropathy,  but  also  to  pay  attention  to  the  patient’s  consciousness  state  and  neurological  symptoms.  We
          should  pay  attention  to  the  rare  types  of  adverse  reactions,  such  as  guillain-barre  syndrome,  Lhermitte  sign,  posterior  reversible
          encephalopathy syndrome, and hyperammoniacal encephalopathy, so as to ensure the safety of medication.
          KEYWORDS     oxaliplatin; neurotoxicity; adverse drug reactions; signal mining


              奥沙利铂为第三代铂类抗肿瘤药,可与 DNA 交联                        瘤细胞凋亡,临床主要用于结直肠癌、胃癌、卵巢癌、胰
          而影响碱基配对、复制和基因转录的过程,最终导致肿                            腺癌等治疗,其主要不良反应有骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、
                                                              肝功能异常、周围神经病变等 。周围神经系统毒性是
                                                                                        [1]
              Δ 基金项目 济南市卫生健康委员会科技计划项目(No.2023-                奥沙利铂发生率较高的不良反应,具有剂量累积性。随
          2-74)                                               着临床应用范围的扩大,奥沙利铂相关可逆性后部白质
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学、药物警戒。
                                                              脑 病 综 合 征(posterior  reversible  encephalopathy  syn‐
          E-mail:fanbaoxia@126.com
                                                              drome,PRES)、莱尔米特征(Lhermitte sign,LS)等罕见
              # 通信作者 主任药师。研究方向:医院药学、药事管理。E-mail:
          Yangpingjn@sina.com                                 不良反应个案报道也逐渐增多             [2―3] 。为进一步了解奥沙


          · 348 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 3                               中国药房  2024年第35卷第3期
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