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碳青霉烯类耐药肺炎克雷伯菌致血流感染风险预测模型的构建
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于小杰 ,杨文明,宋萍萍,魏 颖,王 娜(秦皇岛市第一医院药学部,河北 秦皇岛 066000)
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中图分类号 R969.3 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2024)01-0075-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.01.13
摘 要 目的 构建碳青霉烯类耐药肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)致血流感染(BSI)风险预测模型。方法 回顾性分析秦皇岛市第一医
院2019年1月-2022年6月253例肺炎克雷伯菌致BSI患者的临床资料,将2019年1月-2021年12月收治的患者(223例)作为模
型组,2022年1-6月收治的患者(30例)作为验证组。根据是否检出CRKP将模型组患者分为CRKP亚组(56例)和碳青霉烯类敏
感肺炎克雷伯菌(CSKP)亚组(167例),对两亚组患者性别、年龄、合并基础疾病等基本信息进行单因素分析和多因素Logistic分
析,筛选CRKP致BSI的独立危险因素并构建风险预测模型;以验证组患者为对象,对所建模型进行验证。结果 患者入住重症监
护病房(ICU)、使用免疫抑制剂和经验性抗感染治疗中使用碳青霉烯类抗菌药物、抗革兰氏阳性球菌药物是CRKP致BSI的独立
危险因素(比值比分别为 3.749、3.074、2.909、9.419,95% 置信区间分别为 1.639~8.572、1.292~7.312、1.180~7.717、2.877~
30.840,P<0.05);所建风险预测模型的 P 值为 0.365,模型受试者工作特征曲线的曲线下面积(AUC)为 0.848(95% 置信区间为
0.779~0.916,P<0.001),分值临界值为6.5。用于验证组患者时,模型预测的总体准确率为86.67%,其生存曲线的AUC为0.926
(95%置信区间为0.809~1.000,P<0.001)。结论 患者入住ICU、使用免疫抑制剂和经验性抗感染治疗中使用碳青霉烯类抗菌药
物、抗革兰氏阳性球菌药物是CRKP致BSI的独立危险因素;基于上述因素所建的CRKP致BSI风险预测模型的预测准确性良好。
关键词 碳青霉烯类耐药肺炎克雷伯菌;血流感染;危险因素;风险预测模型
Construction of a risk prediction model for bloodstream infection induced by carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
YU Xiaojie,YANG Wenming,SONG Pingping,WEI Ying,WANG Na(Dept. of Pharmacy, First Hospital of
Qinhuangdao, Hebei Qinhuangdao 066000, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To construct a risk prediction model for bloodstream infection (BSI) induced by carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). METHODS Retrospective analysis was conducted for clinical data from 253 patients with BSI
induced by K. pneumoniae in the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from January 2019 to June 2022. Patients admitted from January
2019 to December 2021 were selected as the model group (n=223), and patients admitted from January 2022 to June 2022 were
selected as the validation group (n=30). The model group was divided into the CRKP subgroup (n=56) and the carbapenem-
sensitive K. pneumoniae (CSKP) subgroup (n=167) based on whether CRKP was detected or not. The univariate and multivariate
Logistic analyses were performed on basic information such as gender, age and comorbid underlying diseases in two subgroups of
patients; independent risk factors were screened for CRKP-induced BSI, and a risk prediction model was constructed. The
established model was verified with patients in the validation group as the target. RESULTS Admissioning to intensive care unit
(ICU), use of immunosuppressants, empirical use of carbapenems and empirical use of antibiotics against Gram-positive coccus
were independent risk factors of CRKP-induced BSI (ORs were 3.749, 3.074, 2.909, 9.419, 95%CIs were 1.639-8.572, 1.292-
7.312, 1.180-7.717, 2.877-30.840, P<0.05). Based on this, a risk prediction model was established with a P value of 0.365. The
AUC of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the model was 0.848 [95%CI (0.779, 0.916), P<0.001], and the
critical score was 6.5. In the validation group, the overall accuracy of the prediction under the model was 86.67%, and the AUC of
ROC curve was 0.926 [95%CI (0.809, 1.000], P<0.001]. CONCLUSIONS Admission to ICU, use of immunosuppressants,
empirical use of carbapenems and empirical use of antibiotics against Gram-positive coccus are independent risk factors of CRKP-
induced BSI. The CRKP-induced BSI risk prediction model based on the above factors has good prediction accuracy.
KEYWORDS carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; bloodstream infection; risk factors; risk prediction model
Δ 基金项目 秦 皇 岛 市 科 学 技 术 研 究 与 发 展 计 划 项 目(No. 近年来,多重耐药肺炎克雷伯菌(multidrug-resistant
202004A088,No.201902A210) Klebsiella pneumoniae,MDR-KP)的检出率逐年上升。
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。电话:0335-
碳青霉烯类抗菌药物是治疗碳青霉烯敏感 MDR-KP 感
5908439。E-mail:yuxiaojie213@163.com
染的重要选择,但随着该类抗菌药物的广泛应用,碳青
# 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:医院药学。电话:0335-
5908456。E-mail:wangncqhd@163.com 霉烯类耐药肺炎克雷伯菌(carbapenem-resistant K. pneu‐
中国药房 2024年第35卷第1期 China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 1 · 75 ·