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改善小胶质细胞激活状态,即降低M1状态的细胞数量,                          [ 7 ]  CHEN D,PAN D,TANG S,et al. Administration of chlo‐
          增加 M2 状态的细胞数量,减轻脑组织缺血后的炎症反                              rogenic acid alleviates spinal cord injury via TLR4/NF-κB
                [17]
          应程度 。TREM2是调控炎症细胞(包括小胶质细胞和                              and  p38  signaling  pathway  anti-inflammatory  activity[J].
          巨噬细胞)激活状态的重要靶点。早期研究提示,                                  Mol Med Rep,2018,17(1):1340-1346.
          TREM2 上调可抑制免疫细胞过度激活,从而抑制促炎                         [ 8 ]  ZHAI Q,LI F,CHEN X Y,et al. Triggering receptor ex‐
                                                                  pressed on myeloid cells 2,a novel regulator of immuno‐
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          性细胞因子分泌,最终降低炎症反应程度 。国外也有
                                                                  cyte  phenotypes,confers  neuroprotection  by  relieving
          研究表明,TREM2可通过减轻巨噬细胞激活,减轻炎症
                                                                  neuroinflammation[J].  Anesthesiology,2017,127(1):
              [18]
          反应 。在本研究中,研究者采用 TREM2-siRNA 干扰
                                                                  98-110.
          巨噬细胞的 TREM2 蛋白表达后,绿原酸在巨噬细胞中
                                                             [ 9 ]  SHOU J Q,KONG X Z,WANG X Y,et al. Tizoxanide
          产生的抗炎作用被显著逆转。以上结果表明,绿原酸在                                inhibits inflammation in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macro‐
          LPS刺激下的巨噬细胞中产生的抑炎作用,可能是通过                               phages via the suppression of NF-κB and MAPK activa‐
          细胞上的TREM2蛋白介导的。                                         tion[J]. Inflammation,2019,42(4):1336-1349.
              综上所述,绿原酸可显著抑制LPS对巨噬细胞的激                        [10]  XUE N N,ZHOU Q,JI M,et al. Chlorogenic acid inhibits
          活,其抗炎作用可能是通过巨噬细胞上的 TREM2 蛋白                             glioblastoma  growth  through  repolarizating  macrophage
          介导的。但本研究也有一些不足之处:首先,本研究采                                from M2 to M1 phenotype[J]. Sci Rep,2017,7:39011.
          用巨噬细胞系作为研究对象,所得结论并非来源于动物                           [11]  KUMAR M K,SURESH M K,DALUS D. Macrophage
          或临床研究结果;其次,本研究仅观察了TREM2蛋白的                              activation  syndrome[J].  J Assoc  Physicians  India,2006,
          作用,TREM1或TREM3在绿原酸抑制巨噬细胞激活中                             54:238-240.
          是否发挥了作用尚不明确。因此在后续研究中,还应采                           [12]  MURRAY P J,ALLEN J E,BISWAS S K,et al. Macro‐
                                                                  phage  activation  and  polarization:nomenclature  and  ex‐
          用更多实验对本研究结果进行进一步验证,并探索其更
                                                                  perimental guidelines[J]. Immunity,2014,41(1):14-20.
          多的作用机制。
                                                             [13]  VOGEL  D  Y,GLIM  J  E,STAVENUITER  A  W,et  al.
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          中国药房  2023年第34卷第21期                                              China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 21    · 2607 ·
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