Page 35 - 中国药房2023年10期
P. 35

胱氨酸和细胞内的谷氨酸穿过细胞质膜进行交换,随后                           [ 7 ]  MA R,CHU Y J,DOU M M,et al. Matrine inhibits the
          胱氨酸通过一系列的酶促反应迅速还原为半胱氨酸,用                                Wnt3a/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signaling pathway in experimental
          于合成抗氧化剂 GSH       [15―16] 。GPx4 是细胞内的一种含硒               autoimmune encephalomyelitis[J]. J Neuroimmunol,2022,
          抗氧化酶,其以 GSH 为底物,可特异性地将生物膜中的                             367:577876.
                                                             [ 8 ]  CHU Y  J,MA W  D,THOME  R,et  al.  Matrine  inhibits
          过氧化磷脂还原为相应的醇类,对下调有毒脂质氢过氧
                                                                  CNS autoimmunity through an IFN-β-dependent mecha‐
          化物的含量至关重要;此外,GPx4在神经元铁死亡中起
                                                                  nism[J]. Front Immunol,2020,11:569530.
                                      [17]
          关键作用,其缺失会导致铁死亡 。有研究指出,上调
                                                             [ 9 ]  CHU Y J,JING Y L,ZHAO X Y,et al. Modulation of the
          xCT、GPx4的表达能减轻脂质过氧化反应;相反,xCT阻
                                                                  HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the CNS by
          断剂可有效抑制胱氨酸摄取,导致细胞缺乏抗氧化防御
                                                                  matrine  in  experimental  autoimmune  encephalomyelitis
          并引发铁死亡      [18―19] 。可见,xCT 与 GPx4 协同作用,可通              [J]. J Neuroimmunol,2021,352:577480.
          过维持抗氧化剂 GSH 的有效水平而减少细胞内的脂质                         [10]  赵培源,陈少昀,刘喜红,等. 多发性硬化实验动物模型
          过氧化。本研究结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组小鼠                                的研究与应用进展[J]. 中国实验动物学报,2020,28(3):
          脊髓组织中xCT、GPx4蛋白的表达水平均显著降低,提                             405-409.
          示模型组小鼠体内存在抗氧化剂不足而致铁死亡的现                            [11]  PARK  E,CHUNG  S  W.  ROS-mediated  autophagy  in‐
          象;而给予苦参素后,小鼠脊髓组织中上述蛋白的表达                                creases intracellular iron levels and ferroptosis by ferritin
          水平均显著升高,表明苦参素对EAE小鼠的保护作用可                               and  transferrin  receptor  regulation[J].  Cell  Death  Dis,
          能与通过干预 xCT/GPx4 通路来提高机体抗氧化水平                            2019,10(11):822.
          有关。                                                [12]  FILLEBEEN  C,CHARLEBOIS  E,WAGNER  J,et  al.
                                                                  Transferrin receptor 1 controls systemic iron homeostasis
              综上所述,苦参素对EAE小鼠的改善作用可能与调
                                                                  by  fine-tuning  hepcidin  expression  to  hepatocellular  iron
          节铁死亡中的铁代谢途径和 xCT/GPx4 通路有关,以铁
                                                                  load[J]. Blood,2019,133(4):344-355.
          死亡为靶点的药物研发可能成为 MS 相关研究的新
                                                             [13]  米海潮,史敏,崔芳 . 铁自噬与铁死亡及其相关疾病[J].
          方向。
                                                                  中国生物化学与分子生物学报,2022,38(9):1133-1140.
          参考文献                                               [14]  JI C Y,STEIMLE B L,BAILEY D K,et al. The ferroxi‐
          [ 1 ]  JIANG X J,STOCKWELL B R,CONRAD M. Ferropto‐      dase  hephaestin  but  not  amyloid  precursor  protein  is  re‐
              sis:mechanisms,biology and role in disease[J]. Nat Rev   quired for ferroportin-supported iron efflux in primary hip‐
              Mol Cell Biol,2021,22(4):266-282.                   pocampal neurons[J]. Cell Mol Neurobiol,2018,38(4):
          [ 2 ]  JHELUM P,SANTOS-NOGUEIRA E,TEO W,et al. Fer‐     941-954.
              roptosis mediates cuprizone-induced loss of oligodendro‐  [15]  张亮,廖勇群,夏秦川,等. 铁死亡调控信号通路以及在
              cytes  and  demyelination[J].  J  Neurosci,2020,40(48):  相关疾病中的研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学,
              9327-9341.                                          2022,27(2):227-234.
          [ 3 ]  DAVID S,JHELUM P,RYAN F,et al. Dysregulation of   [16]  唐珍,王含彦,郭冬梅 . 胱氨酸/谷氨酸反向转运体的研
              iron  homeostasis  in  the  central  nervous  system  and  the   究进展[J]. 川北医学院学报,2021,36(11):1536-1540.
              role of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative disorders[J]. Anti‐  [17]  张新月,刘晨萌,马瑜徽,等. TXNIP/Trx-1/GPX4通路促
              oxid Redox Signal,2022,37(1/2/3):150-170.           进新生大鼠缺氧缺血后海马神经元铁死亡的作用机制
          [ 4 ]  LI  J,CAO  F,YIN  H  L,et  al.  Ferroptosis:past,present   [J]. 中国当代儿科杂志,2022,24(9):1053-1060.
              and future[J]. Cell Death Dis,2020,11(2):88.   [18]  STOCKWELL B R,FRIEDMANN ANGELI J P,BAYIR
          [ 5 ]  HU C L,NYDES M,SHANLEY K L,et al. Reduced ex‐    H,et al. Ferroptosis:a regulated cell death nexus linking
              pression  of  the  ferroptosis  inhibitor  glutathione  peroxi‐  metabolism,redox biology,and disease[J]. Cell,2017,171
              dase-4 in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune   (2):273-285.
              encephalomyelitis[J].  J  Neurochem,2019,148 (3) :  [19]  SONG  X  X,ZHU  S,CHEN  P,et  al.  AMPK-mediated
              426-439.                                            BECN1 phosphorylation promotes ferroptosis by directly
          [ 6 ]  DOU M M,ZHOU X L,LI L F,et al. Illumination of mo‐  blocking system xc  activity[J]. Curr Biol,2018,28(15):
                                                                                -
              lecular pathways in multiple sclerosis lesions and the im‐  2388-2399.e5.
              mune  mechanism  of  matrine  treatment  in  EAE,a  mouse     (收稿日期:2022-09-20  修回日期:2023-03-24)
              model of MS[J]. Front Immunol,2021,12:640778.                                       (编辑:张元媛)







          中国药房  2023年第34卷第10期                                              China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 10    · 1181 ·
   30   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   39   40