Page 20 - 《中国药房》2023年5期
P. 20
group. Except for blank group, the mice in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with thyroxine solution to establish mice
model of insomnia; at the end of each day’s modeling, the corresponding doses of diazepam,raw and wine-processed S. chinensis
were given by gavage. The blank group and model group were given constant volume of normal saline. The general state of the
mice was observed and recorded, and the total activity distance and upright times of the mice were detected; the EEG and EMG
signals of mice were recorded, and the time ratio of sleep wake time (wake), non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye
movement (REM) was analyzed; the contents of neurotransmitters [γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),
dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), cortisol (CORT)] in brain suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were detected; and the
expressions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were detected; the mRNA expressions of clock gene
Bmal1, circadian clock gene Clock and cycle gene Per2 were all detected. RESULTS Compared with the blank group, the mental
state of the model group mice was relatively depressed, the amount of food and water increased, the body mass decreased, the hair
was rough and shiny, and the circadian rhythm was irregular; the total activity distance and upright times decreased significantly;
the time ratio of wake increased significantly, while the time ratios of REM and NREM decreased significantly; the content of 5-
HT in brain SCN decreased significantly, while the content of NE, DA and CORT increased significantly; the fluorescence
intensity of IL-1β and TNF-α was significantly increased; the relative expression level of Bmal1 and Clock mRNA was significantly
increased, while the relative expression level of Per2 mRNA was significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the
model group, the general state of mice in diazepam group, raw S. chinensis group and wine-processed S. chinensis group was
improved obviously, and most of the above index levels were significantly reversed (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Raw
and wine-processed S. chinensis have a certain therapeutic effect on insomnia mice, the mechanism of which may be related to the
regulation of neuro-endocrine-immune system related biological indicators in insomnia mice.
KEYWORDS raw Schisandra chinensis; wine-processed Schisandra chinensis; neuro-endocrine-immune network; insomnia
随着工作和生活压力越来越大,睡眠障碍已成为现 格证号:SCXK(豫)2020-0005。小鼠饲养于江西中医药
代人不可忽视的健康隐患,全世界有30%~40%的人有 大学实验动物科技中心,动物使用许可证号:SYXK(赣)
[1]
睡眠问题 。长期的失眠会给人体造成活动障碍,使人 2017-0004。小鼠于12 h光暗周期、室温20~22 ℃、相对
体的记忆力退化,甚至会引起老年痴呆等疾病 。中医 湿度 45%~65% 的安静环境中饲养,可自由饮水和进
[2]
以其独特的视角,早在《黄帝内经》中已对人的睡眠生理 食。本实验通过江西中医药大学动物伦理实验委员会
有了较完整的认识,在2 000多年的临床实践中,探索出 批准,伦理号:JZLLSC20210061。
了独具特色、安全性高、效果良好的药物。中药五味子 1.2 主要药物及试剂
始载于《神农本草经》,具有敛肺滋肾、生津敛汗、涩精止 木 兰 科 植 物 五 味 子 Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)
[3]
泻、宁心安神的功效 。五味子临床应用极为广泛,其单 Baill.的干燥成熟果实购自长春市一品根源参茸特产有
体、木脂素、提取物均具有改善失眠的作用 [4―6] 。同时, 限公司,经江西中医药大学岐黄国医书院主管药师吴蜀
五味子与其他药物组合,可治疗各种类型的失眠,失眠 瑶鉴定为北五味子。地西泮片(批号 H31021151,规格
经 典 方 剂 天 王 补 心 丹 及 养 心 安 神 丸 中 均 含 有 五 2.5 mg)购自上海上药信谊药厂有限公司。时钟基因
味子 [7―8] 。 Bmal1、生物钟基因Clock、周期基因Per2、内参甘油醛-3-
由于中药具有多成分、多靶点、多通路的协同调控 磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)由武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司
作用,作用机制复杂,关于生、酒五味子对失眠的具体影 设计;兔源肿瘤坏死因子 α(tumor necrosis factor-α,
响尚不清楚,需要进一步探究。近年来的研究显示,睡 TNF-α)抗体(批号 60291-1-Ig)购自美国 Proteintech 公
[9]
眠时相与神经-内分泌-免疫网络的间接调控密不可分 。 司;异硫氰酸荧光素标记的羊抗兔免疫球蛋白 G(IgG)
神经-内分泌-免疫网络学说将神经、内分泌、免疫三大系 二抗(批号Ezz-AB-1055)购自武汉伊莱瑞特生物科技有
统相互之间的调节关系作为动态性整体进行全面系统 限公司;兔源白细胞介素 1β(interleukin 1β,IL-1β)抗体
研究,并以细胞因子、激素、神经递质作为信息分子来实 (批号 ab300499)购自美国 Abcam 公司;去甲肾上腺素
[10]
现人体整体功能的调控 。本实验通过神经-内分泌-免 (noradrenaline,NE)对照品(批号 51-41-2,纯度 98%)购
疫网络探索生、酒五味子改善睡眠的作用机制,以期为 自中国药品生物制品检定所;对乙酰氨基酚(acetamino‐
五味子防治睡眠障碍性疾病提供理论基础。 phen,ACE)对照品、γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-aminobutyric
1 材料 acid,GABA)对照品、多巴胺(dopamine,DA)对照品、谷
1.1 动物 氨酸(glutamic acid,Glu)对照品、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxy‐
雄性C57BL/6小鼠50只,3周龄,体质量(10±2) g, tryptamine,5-HT)对照品、皮质醇(cortisone,CORT)对照
购自河南斯克贝斯生物科技股份有限公司,动物生产合 品、甲状腺素对照品(批号分别为 B20338、B21979、
· 526 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 5 中国药房 2023年第34卷第5期